15,433
回編集
差分
ナビゲーションに移動
検索に移動
Many representations of a bearded god with a thunderbolt in one hand and a wheel in the other have been recovered from Gaul, where this deity apparently came to be [[religious syncretism|syncretised]] with [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]].<ref>Paul-Marie Duval. 2002. ''Les Dieux de la Gaule.'' Paris, Éditions Payot.</ref> == Name and etymology 名前と語源 ==
編集の要約なし
ケルト神話では、タラニス（Proto-Celtic: *Toranos, earlier *Tonaros; Latin: Taranus, earlier Tanarus）は雷神で、主にガリア、イスパニア、イギリス、アイルランドで崇拝され、ラインランドやドナウ地域などでも崇拝されていた。タラニスは、[[エスス]]、トータティスとともに、ケルトの神としてローマの詩人ルカヌスの叙事詩『ファルサリア』に登場し、人間の生け贄が捧げられたとされる<ref>M. Annaeus Lucanus. ''Pharsalia,'' [http://worldwideschool.org/library/books/lit/poetry/Pharsalia/chap1.html Book I] , https://web.archive.org/web/20060502115056/http://www.worldwideschool.org/library/books/lit/poetry/Pharsalia/chap1.html , 2006-05-02</ref>。タラニスは、ギリシャ神話のキュクロプス・ブロンテス（Cyclops Brontes、「雷」）と同様、車輪に関連していた。
ガリア地方からは、雷鳴と車輪を手にした髭のある神の像が多く出土しており、この神はジュピターと習合したようである<ref>Paul-Marie Duval. 2002. ''Les Dieux de la Gaule.'' Paris, Éditions Payot.</ref>。
The [[Proto-Celtic]] form of the name is reconstructed as *''Toranos'' ('Thunder'), which derives through [[Metathesis (linguistics)|metathesis]] (switch of sounds) from an earlier *''Tonaros'', itself from the [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] (PIE) stem for 'thunder', *''(s)tenh₂-''. The original, unmetathesized form of the name is attested in the dative form ''tanaro'' ([[Chester]], 154 AD), found on a votive altar dedicated by a Roman officer from [[Clunia]] (modern [[Province of Burgos|Burgos Province]]), and in the Gaulish [[hydronym]] ''[[Tanaro (river)|Tanarus]]'' ('thundering' or 'thunderous'), an ancient name of the [[River Po]] (northern Italy).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Matasović|first=Ranko|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YN_YPQAACAAJ|title=Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic|date=2009|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004173361|pages=384|language=en}}</ref>{{sfn|Koch|2020|pp=142–144}}<ref>Sutrop, Urmas. "Taarapita-the Great God of the Oeselians". In: ''Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore'' 26 (2004). p. 40</ref> Similar European hydronyms have also been proposed to belong to the same root.<ref>Pedreño, Juan Carlos Olivares. "Los dioses soberanos y los ríos en la religión indígena de la Hispania indoeuropea". In: ''Gerión'' n. 18 (2000). p. 204. {{ISSN|0213-0181}}</ref> The PIE ''s''-initial seems to have been retained in [[Celtiberian language|Celtiberian]] ''steniontes'', ''stenion'', and ''stena''.{{sfn|Koch|2020|pp=142–144}}
