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→Etymology
アポロは「ムシケ」の神として、すべての音楽、歌、踊り、詩を司る<ref>''Mousike'' (the art of the Muses) was an integral part of life in the ancient Greek world, and the term covered not only music but also dance, lyrics, theatre and the performance of poetry.</ref>。アポローンは弦楽器の発明者であり、ミューズの仲間でもあり、祝祭の際にはミューズの合唱団長として活躍する。竪琴はアポローンと共通の属性である。ヘレニズム時代、特に紀元前5世紀には、アポローンはアポローン・ヘリオスとして、ギリシャ人の間で太陽の擬人化であるヘリオスと同一視されるようになった<ref>For the iconography of the Alexander–Helios type, see H. Hoffmann, 1963. "Helios", in ''Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt'' '''2''', pp. 117–23; cf. Yalouris 1980, no. 42.</ref>。しかし、ラテン語のテキストでは、紀元1世紀まで古典ラテン語の詩人たちの間でアポローンとソルを混同することはなかった<ref>Joseph Fontenrose, "Apollo and Sol in the Latin poets of the first century BC", ''Transactions of the American Philological Association'' '''30''' (1939), pp 439–55; "Apollo and the Sun-God in Ovid", ''American Journal of Philology'' '''61''' (1940) pp 429–44; and "Apollo and Sol in the Oaths of Aeneas and Latinus" ''Classical Philology'' '''38'''.2 (April 1943), pp. 137–138.</ref>。アポローンとヘリオスは、5世紀まで文学や神話の世界では別の存在であった。
==Etymology語源 ==Apollo ([[Attic Greek|Attic]], [[Ionic Greek|Ionic]], and [[Homeric Greek]]: {{lang|grc|Ἀπόλλων}}アポロ（アッティカ、イオニア、ホメロスギリシャ語：Ἀπόλων, {{transliteration|grc|Apollōn}} ({{small|[[Genitive|GEN]]}} {{lang|grc|Ἀπόλλωνος}}Ἀπόλωνος); [[Doric Greek|Doric]]: {{lang|grc|Ἀπέλλων}}ドリス語：Ἀπέλων, {{transliteration|grc|Apellōn}}; [[Arcadocypriot Greek|Arcadocypriot]]: {{lang|grc|Ἀπείλων}}アルカドプシコ語：Ἀπείλων, {{transliteration|grc|Apeilōn}}; [[Aeolic Greek|Aeolic]]: {{lang|grc|Ἄπλουν}}, {{transliteration|grc|Aploun}}; {{lang-la|, ラテン語: Apollō}})
The name ''Apollo''—unlike the related [[List of Mycenaean deities|older name]] ''[[Paean (god)|Paean]]''—is generally not found in the [[Linear B]] ([[Mycenean Greek]]) texts, although there is a possible attestation in the [[Lacuna (manuscripts)|lacunose]] form '']pe-rjo-['' (Linear B: ]{{lang|gmy|{{script|Linb|𐀟𐁊}}}}-[) on the [[Knossos|KN]] E 842 tablet,<ref>[[Robert S. P. Beekes|R. S. P. Beekes]], ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 118.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |journal=Internationale Archäologie|title=Apollon Delphinios – Apollon Didymeus: Zwei Gesichter eines milesischen Gottes und ihr Bezug zur Kolonisation Milets in archaischer Zeit|first=Alexander|last=Herda|url=https://www.academia.edu/515462|page=16|date=2008|volume=Arbeitsgemeinschaft, Symposium, Tagung, Kongress. Band 11: Kult(ur)kontakte. Apollon in Milet/Didyma, Histria, Myus, Naukratis und auf Zypern. Akten des Table Ronde in Mainz vom 11.–12. März 2004|language=de|isbn=978-3-89646-441-5}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=DĀMOS: Database of Mycenaean at Oslo|url=http://www.hf.uio.no/ifikk/english/research/projects/damos/|publisher=[[University of Oslo]]. Department of Philosophy, Classics, History of Art and Ideas|chapter=KN 842 E|chapter-url=https://www2.hf.uio.no/damos/Index/item/chosen_item_id/775|access-date=15 December 2014|archive-date=15 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215135205/http://www.hf.uio.no/ifikk/english/research/projects/damos/|url-status=dead}}</ref> though it has also been suggested that the name might actually read "[[Hyperion (Titan)|Hyperion]]" ([u]-pe-rjo-[ne]).<ref>{{cite book |first1=Felicia |last1=Logozzo |first2=Paolo |last2=Poccetti |title=Ancient Greek Linguistics: New Approaches, Insights, Perspectives |date=7 November 2017 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |pages=644 |isbn=9783110551754 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=llA_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA644}}</ref>
