15,523
回編集
差分
ナビゲーションに移動
検索に移動
→ギルガメシュ叙事詩
アヌはイシュタルに天の雄牛を与え、イシュタルはそれを送ってギルガメシュとその友人エンキドゥを攻撃させた<ref>Dalley, 1989, pages81–82</ref><ref>Fontenrose, 1980, pages168–169</ref>。ギルガメシュとエンキドゥは牡牛を殺し、その心臓を太陽神シャマシュに捧げた<ref>Dalley, 1989, page82</ref><ref>Fontenrose, 1980, pages168–169</ref>。ギルガメシュとエンキドゥが休んでいる間、イシュタルがウルクの城壁に立ち、ギルガメシュを呪った<ref>Dalley, 1989, page82</ref><ref>Fontenrose, 1980, page169</ref>。エンキドゥは牡牛の右腿を引きちぎってイシュタルの顔に投げつけ<ref>Dalley, 1989, page82</ref><ref>Fontenrose, 1980, page169</ref>、「もし私があなたに手をかけることができるなら、あなたにこうして、あなたの内臓をあなたの横になでつけるべきでしょう。」と言う<ref name="Gilgamesh-p88">''Gilgamesh'', p. 88</ref><ref group="私注">牛の右腿は古代エジプトでは神に捧げ得る最善の供物であったように記憶している。</ref>。（エンキドゥはこの不敬のために、後に死ぬ<ref>Fontenrose, 1980, page169</ref>。）イシュタルは「ひだのある花魁、娼婦、遊女」<ref>Dalley, 1989, page82</ref>を呼び集め、天の雄牛のために嘆き悲しむよう命じる<ref>Dalley, 1989, page82</ref><ref>Fontenrose, 1980, page169</ref>。一方、ギルガメッシュは天の牡牛を倒す祝宴を開いた<ref>Dalley, 1989, page82-83</ref><ref>Fontenrose, 1980, page169</ref>。
叙事詩の後半、ウトナピシュティムはギルガメシュに大洪水の話をする<ref>Dalley, 1989, pages109–116</ref>。大洪水は、人口が膨大に増えた人間が騒ぎすぎて眠れなくなったため、エンリル神が地球上のすべての生命を消滅させるために送ったものである<ref>Dalley, 1989, pages109–111</ref>。
Later in the epic, [[Utnapishtim]] tells Gilgamesh the story of the [[Great Flood]],{{sfn|Dalley|1989|pages=109–116}} which was sent by the god [[Enlil|Elil]] to annihilate all life on earth because the humans, who were vastly overpopulated, made too much noise and prevented him from sleeping.{{sfn|Dalley|1989|pages=109–111}} Utnapishtim tells how, when the flood came, Ishtar wept and mourned over the destruction of humanity, alongside the [[Anunnaki]].{{sfn|Dalley|1989|page=113}} Later, after the flood subsides, Utnapishtim makes an offering to the gods.{{sfn|Dalley|1989|page=114}} Ishtar appears to Utnapishtim wearing a [[lapis lazuli]] necklace with beads shaped like [[flies]] and tells him that Enlil never discussed the flood with any of the other gods.{{sfn|Dalley|1989|pages=114–115}} She swears him that she will never allow Enlil to cause another flood{{sfn|Dalley|1989|pages=114–115}} and declares her lapis lazuli necklace a sign of her oath.{{sfn|Dalley|1989|pages=114–115}} Ishtar invites all the gods except for Enlil to gather around the offering and enjoy.{{sfn|Dalley|1989|page=115}}
=== ''Song of Agušaya'' ===
