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→Interpretations in modern assyriology
イシュタルが冥界に降りた後、地上ではすべての性行為が停止された<ref>Dalley, 1989, pages158–160</ref><ref>Brandão, 2019, pp15-16</ref>。アッカド語のニンシュブルに相当するパプスカル神<ref>Bertman, 2003, page124</ref>は、知恵と文化の神エアに状況を報告する<ref>Dalley, 1989, pages158–160</ref>。エアはアス・シュ・ナミール（Asu-shu-namir）という両性具有の存在を作り、エレシュキガルのもとに送り、彼女に対して「偉大なる神々の名」を唱え、命の水の入った袋を要求するようにと言った。アス・シュ・ナミールはこの水をイシュタルに振りかけ、彼女を蘇らせた。その後、イシュタルは7つの門をくぐり、それぞれの門で1着ずつ服を返してもらい、最後の門から完全に服を着て出てくる<ref>Dalley, 1989, pages158–160</ref>。
===Interpretations in modern assyriology現代アッシリア学における解釈 ===[[File:British Museum Queen of the Night.jpg|thumb|upright|The "[[Burney Relief]]", which is speculated to represent either Ishtar or her older sister [[Ereshkigal]] ({{circa}} 19th or 18th century BCE)]]Dina Katz, an authority on Sumerian afterlife beliefs and funerary customs, considers the narrative of Inanna's descent to be a combination of two distinct preexisting traditions rooted in broader context of Mesopotamian religion.シュメールの死後の世界の信仰と葬儀の習慣の権威であるディーナ・カッツは、イナンナの降臨の物語は、メソポタミアの宗教の広い文脈に根ざした、二つの異なる既存の伝統の組み合わせであるとみなしている。
ある伝承では、イナンナはエンキの術によってのみ冥界を去ることができたとされ、身代わりを見つける可能性については言及されていない<ref>Katz, 2015, p65</ref>。 In one tradition, Inanna was only able to leave the underworld with the help of Enki's trick, with no mention of the possibility of finding a substitute.{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=65}} This part of the myth belongs to the genre of myths about deities struggling to obtain power, glory etc. (such as [[Lugal-e]] or [[Enuma Elish]]),{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=65}} and possibly served as a representation of Inanna's character as a personification of a periodically vanishing astral body.{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=66}} According to Katz, the fact that Inanna's instructions to [[Ninshubur]] contain a correct prediction of her eventual fate, including the exact means of her rescue, show that the purpose of this composition was simply highlighting Inanna's ability to traverse both the heavens and the underworld, much like how Venus was able to rise over and over again.{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=66}} She also points out Inanna's return has parallels in some [[Udug-hul]] incantations.{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=66}}
Another was simply one of the many myths about the death of [[Dumuzi]] (such as Dumuzi's Dream or Inana and Bilulu; in these myths Inanna is not to blame for his death),{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=68}} tied to his role as an embodiment of vegetation. She considers it possible that the connection between the two parts of the narrative was meant to mirror some well attested healing rituals which required a symbolic substitute of the person being treated.{{sfn|Katz|2015|p=67-68}}
