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However, as Benveniste and Renou demonstrated, many of the objections to the first theory could be negated if the evidence were reviewed in light of the fact that the principal feature of ''Verethragna'' was not to slay noxious creatures but to overcome obstacles (''verethra''), in particular to unblock the flow of [[Aban|''apas'']], the waters, the holiest of the elements.{{sfn|Benveniste|Renou|1934|p=182}}
→アヴェスター学において
この説にも問題がある。特にインドラはミトラやヴァルナと一緒に登場するミタンニ条約において、すでに人間ではなく神格化されていることが明らかであることである。この条約は、リグ・ヴェーダが３神を契約の保護者として呼び出していることを反映しており、これもまたウルスラグナと関連した性質ではないため、さらに疑問が生じている。
しかし、ベンヴェニステとルヌが示したように、ヴェレストラーガの主要な目的が有害な生物を殺すことではなく、障害物（verethra）を克服すること、特に最も神聖な要素である水（apas）の流れを妨げるのを防ぐことにあるという事実を踏まえれば、最初の説に対する多くの反論が否定され得るだろう<ref>Benveniste, Renou, 1934, p182</ref>。
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Paul Thieme agreed with this principal feature, but clarified that while the wealth of archaic elements in the ''Bahram Yasht'' clearly point to the pre-Zoroastrian era, the interpretation of proper names is "highly conjectural", and "in no case do we get a decisive argument against their Indo-Aryan or old Indic character"{{sfn|Thieme|1960|p=302}} <!-- Since "Vedic Indra must be distinguished from a presumable Proto-Aryan ''*Indra'' [of the Mittani treaties]" (302), "we may go so far as to say that the Avestan ''Vərəθraγna'' in his role as the fighting companion of ''Miθra'' is the equivalent of the Vedic Indra in his role as the helper of the ''Adityas''. This does not necessarily mean that ''Vərəθraγna'' has taken the place of Proto-Aryan ''*Indra''; it may just as well mean that Vedic Indra has replaced a Proto-Aryan ''Vərəθraγna''." (312) --> Adopting "the exact linguistic and exegetic analysis" of Benveniste and Renou, Thieme concludes "Proto-Aryan ''*Indra'' has assumed the functions of a Proto-Aryan god ''*Vrtraghna''." Noting that ''Vrtrahan'' is the name of Indra only in the later Sanskrit texts (but not in the Rig Veda), Thieme adds "there is no valid justification for supposing that the Proto-Aryan adjective ''*vrtraghan'' was specifically connected with ''*Indra'' or any other particular god."{{sfn|Thieme| 1960|p=312-313}}
