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The cult centers of Apollo in Greece, [[Delphi]] and [[Delos]], date from the 8th century BCE. The Delos sanctuary was primarily dedicated to [[Artemis]], Apollo's twin sister. At Delphi, Apollo was venerated as the slayer of the monstrous serpent [[Python (mythology)|Python]]. For the Greeks, Apollo was the most Greek of all the gods, and through the centuries he acquired different functions. In [[Archaic Greece]] he was the [[prophet]], the oracular god who in older times was connected with "healing". In [[Classical Greece]] he was the god of light and of music, but in popular religion he had a strong function to keep away evil. [[Walter Burkert]] discerned three components in the prehistory of Apollo worship, which he termed "a Dorian-northwest Greek component, a Cretan-Minoan component, and a Syro-Hittite component." ===Healer and god-protector from evil治癒者であり、災厄から身を守る神 ===[[File:Apollo-WaltersArt.jpg|left|thumb|upright=.9|''Apollo Victorious over the Python'' by [[Pietro Francavilla]] (1591) depicting Apollo's victory over the serpent Python<ref>{{cite web|title=Apollo Victorious over the Python|url=http://art.thewalters.org/detail/7866|access-date=21 June 2013|publisher=[[The Walters Art Museum]]}}</ref> ([[Walters Art Museum|The Walters Art Museum]]).]]
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ギリシャにおけるアポローンの教団の中心地であるデルフォイとデロス島は、紀元前8世紀頃のものである。デロス島の聖域は、主にアポロンの双子の妹であるアルテミスに捧げられていた。デルフォイでは、アポローンは怪物的な大蛇ピュートーンを退治するものとして崇拝されていた。ギリシャ人にとって、アポローンは最もギリシャ的な神であり、何世紀にもわたってさまざまな機能を獲得してきたのだった。アルカイック・ギリシャではアポローンは預言者であり、古い時代には「癒し」と結びついた託宣の神であった。古典ギリシアではアポローンは光と音楽の神であったが、民間の信仰では魔除けの働きが強かった<ref>Martin Nilsson (1967). "Die Geschicte der Giechischen Religion, Vol I." C.F.Beck Verlag.Munchen. p. 529</ref>。ウォルター・バーカートは、アポロ崇拝の前史において、「ドーリア-北西ギリシャの構成要素、クレタ-ミノアの構成要素、シロ-ヒッタイトの構成要素」という3つの要素を見出した<ref>Burkert, Walter. ''Greek Religion'', 1985:144.</ref>。
In classical times, his major function in popular religion was to keep away evil, and he was therefore called "apotropaios" ({{lang|grc|ἀποτρόπαιος}}, "averting evil") and "alexikakos" ({{lang|grc|ἀλεξίκακος}} "keeping off ill"; from [[verb|v.]] {{lang|grc|ἀλέξω}} + [[noun|n.]] {{lang|grc|κακόν}}).<ref>Pausanias VIII 41, 8-IV 34, 7-Sittig. Nom P. 48. f-Aristoph. Vesp. V. 61-Paus. I 3, 4. Martin Nilsson (1967) Vol I, pp. 540, 544</ref> Apollo also had many epithets relating to his function as a healer. Some commonly-used examples are "paion" ({{lang|grc|παιών}} literally "healer" or "helper")<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=paean-harpers]: Harper's Dictionary of classical antiquity</ref> "epikourios" ({{lang|grc|ἐπικούριος}}, "succouring"), "oulios" ({{lang|grc|οὔλιος}}, "healer, baleful")<ref>{{LSJ|ou)/lios|οὔλιος|shortref}}.</ref> and "loimios" ({{lang|grc|λοίμιος}}, "of the plague"). In later writers, the word, "paion", usually spelled "Paean", becomes a mere epithet of Apollo in his capacity as a god of [[healing]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Graf|first=Fritz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=it9n9_I-UOkC&pg=PA66|title=Apollo|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2008|isbn=978-0-203-58171-1|page=66}}</ref>
