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The parentage of Pan is unclear; generally he is the son of [[Hermes]] and a [[Dryad|wood nymph]], either [[Dryope]] or [[Penelope (dryad)|Penelope]] of [[Mantineia]] in Arcadia. In some early sources such as [[Pindar]], his father is [[Apollo]] and mother Penelope. Apollodorus records two distinct divinities named Pan; one who was the son of Hermes and Penelope, and the other who had Zeus and a nymph named Hybris for his parents, and was the mentor of Apollo. [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] records the story that Penelope had in fact been unfaithful to her husband, who banished her to Mantineia upon his return. Other sources ([[Duris of Samos]]; the Vergilian commentator [[Servius (grammarian)|Servius]]) report that Penelope slept with all 108 suitors in Odysseus' absence, and gave birth to Pan as a result.[[Robert Graves]]. ''[[The Greek Myths]], section 26 s.v. Pan's Nature And Deeds''</ref>
[[File:Pan87.3.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Mask of the god Pan, detail from a bronze stamnoid [[situla]], 340–320 BC, part of the [[Vassil Bojkov Collection]], [[Sofia]], [[Bulgaria]]]]
→素性
== 素性 ==
パーンの親は不明である<ref>W. H. Roscher, ''Ausführliches Lexikon der Gr. u. Röm. Mythologie'' (1909:1379f) finds eighteen variants for Pan's genealogy.</ref>。一般的にはヘルメースと木の精の息子で、アルカディアのマンティネイアのドライオペかペネロペのどちらかであるとされている<ref>Cicero, ''De Natura Deorum'' 3.22.56</ref><ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' 224</ref><ref>Herodotus, ''Histories''(2.145)</ref><ref>Nonnus, ''Dionysiaca'' 14.92</ref>。ピンダルなどの初期の資料では、父はアポロ、母はペネロペとされている<ref>Pindar, Fr. 90 (Bowra)</ref>。アポロドートスには、ヘルメースとペネロペの息子であるパーンと、ゼウスとハイブリスというニンフを両親に持ち、アポローンの師となったパーンの二種類の神格が記されている<ref>Apollodorus, ''Bibliotheca'' 1.4.1 and e.7.38</ref>。パウサニアスは、ペネロペが実は浮気をしていて、夫が帰ってくると彼女をマンティネイアに追放したという話を記録している<ref>Pausanias, ''Description of Ancient Greece'' 8.12.5</ref>。他の資料（サモスのドゥリス、ヴェルギルスの注釈者セルヴィウス）では、ペネロペはオデュッセウス不在の間に108人の求婚者全員と寝、その結果パンを産んだとされている<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=QKMNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA305 Footnote in the ''Library'' by Apollodorus (of Athens)], edited by E. Capps PhD, LL.D.; T. E. Page, Litt.D.; W. H. D. Rouse, Litt.d.; Webster Collection of Social Anthropology, p. 305</ref>。ロバート・グレイヴスによれば、母親はオエネイスと呼ばれ、ヘルメスと契りを交わしたニンフであったという<ref>Robert Graves. ''The Greek Myths, section 26 s.v. Pan's Nature And Deeds''</ref>。
This myth reflects the folk etymology that equates Pan's name (Πάν) with the Greek word for "all" (πᾶν).<ref>The [[Homeric Hymns|Homeric Hymn to Pan]] provides the earliest example of this wordplay, suggesting that Pan's name was born from the fact that he delighted "all" the gods.</ref>
