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'''サンダス'''（Sandas、'''Sandan'''と表記することも多い）は、古典期のアナトリア（ヒッタイト）の獅子神である。角のあるライオンと一緒に表され、鷲の冠をかぶった炎の中に置かれることが多かった。サンダンはギリシア神話のヘーラークレースや、時にはマルドゥークと結び付けられることが多い。儀式では、神像を薪の中に入れ、火を放った。
 
'''サンダス'''（Sandas、'''Sandan'''と表記することも多い）は、古典期のアナトリア（ヒッタイト）の獅子神である。角のあるライオンと一緒に表され、鷲の冠をかぶった炎の中に置かれることが多かった。サンダンはギリシア神話のヘーラークレースや、時にはマルドゥークと結び付けられることが多い。儀式では、神像を薪の中に入れ、火を放った。
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サンダンはセレウコス朝のコインに登場するほか、ローマ皇帝時代のタルソス（キリキア）のコインにも登場する。
  
  
  
  
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'''Sandas''' (more commonly spelt as "Sandan") was the Anatolian ([[Hittites|Hittite]]) lion god during the Classical period. He used to be represented in association with a horned lion, and often resided inside a pyre surmounted by an eagle. Sandan was often associated to the Greek god [[Herakles]], and sometimes to [[Marduk]]. In ceremonies, an image of the god was placed inside a pyre and was set on fire.
 
  
 
Sandan appears in the coins of the Seleucids, as well as on other coins of [[Tarsus, Mersin|Tarsus]] ([[Cilicia]]) during the time of the Roman emperors. In Tarsus, '''Sandon''' (sometimes spelled Sandes, Sandan, or Sanda) was visually represented as a mitre-wearing human form carrying a sword, a flower, or (commonly) an axe who stands on the back of a horned and winged lion.<ref>Donald A. MacKenzie, ''Myths of Babylonia and Assyria'' (1915), p. 348.</ref><ref>James George Frazer, ''Adonis Attis Osiris: Studies in the History of Oriental Religion'' (1906), p. 127.</ref> Associated primarily with war and weather,<ref>Martin Hengel and Anna Maria Schwemer, ''Paul between Damascus and Antioch: The Missing Years'' (SCM Press, 1997), p. 167.</ref> Sandon was the chief god in the [[Cilicia]]n [[Pantheon (gods)|pantheon]] from at least the beginning of the second millennium BC.<ref>Hetty Goldman, “[https://www.jstor.org/stable/594084 The Sandon Monument of Tarsus]”, ''Journal of the American Oriental Society'', Vol. 60, No. 4 (December 1940), p. 544.</ref> The ancient Greeks and Romans equated Sandon with [[Herakles]].<ref>Goldman, p. 544.</ref> A large monument to Sandon existed at Tarsus at least until the third century AD.
 
Sandan appears in the coins of the Seleucids, as well as on other coins of [[Tarsus, Mersin|Tarsus]] ([[Cilicia]]) during the time of the Roman emperors. In Tarsus, '''Sandon''' (sometimes spelled Sandes, Sandan, or Sanda) was visually represented as a mitre-wearing human form carrying a sword, a flower, or (commonly) an axe who stands on the back of a horned and winged lion.<ref>Donald A. MacKenzie, ''Myths of Babylonia and Assyria'' (1915), p. 348.</ref><ref>James George Frazer, ''Adonis Attis Osiris: Studies in the History of Oriental Religion'' (1906), p. 127.</ref> Associated primarily with war and weather,<ref>Martin Hengel and Anna Maria Schwemer, ''Paul between Damascus and Antioch: The Missing Years'' (SCM Press, 1997), p. 167.</ref> Sandon was the chief god in the [[Cilicia]]n [[Pantheon (gods)|pantheon]] from at least the beginning of the second millennium BC.<ref>Hetty Goldman, “[https://www.jstor.org/stable/594084 The Sandon Monument of Tarsus]”, ''Journal of the American Oriental Society'', Vol. 60, No. 4 (December 1940), p. 544.</ref> The ancient Greeks and Romans equated Sandon with [[Herakles]].<ref>Goldman, p. 544.</ref> A large monument to Sandon existed at Tarsus at least until the third century AD.

2022年12月2日 (金) 09:20時点における版

サンダス（Sandas、Sandanと表記することも多い）は、古典期のアナトリア（ヒッタイト）の獅子神である。角のあるライオンと一緒に表され、鷲の冠をかぶった炎の中に置かれることが多かった。サンダンはギリシア神話のヘーラークレースや、時にはマルドゥークと結び付けられることが多い。儀式では、神像を薪の中に入れ、火を放った。

サンダンはセレウコス朝のコインに登場するほか、ローマ皇帝時代のタルソス（キリキア）のコインにも登場する。



Sandan appears in the coins of the Seleucids, as well as on other coins of Tarsus (Cilicia) during the time of the Roman emperors. In Tarsus, Sandon (sometimes spelled Sandes, Sandan, or Sanda) was visually represented as a mitre-wearing human form carrying a sword, a flower, or (commonly) an axe who stands on the back of a horned and winged lion.[1][2] Associated primarily with war and weather,[3] Sandon was the chief god in the Cilician pantheon from at least the beginning of the second millennium BC.[4] The ancient Greeks and Romans equated Sandon with Herakles.[5] A large monument to Sandon existed at Tarsus at least until the third century AD.

  • AntiochusGrippusCoin.jpg

    Coin of Antiochus VIII Grypus. Reverse: god Sandan standing on the horned lion, in his pyre surmounted by an eagle.

  • TarsusCaracallaBronze.jpg

    Bronze sesterce from Tarsus (Cilicia) with bust of Caracalla (211-217) on the obverse, and god Sandan on the reverse.

  • Coin for Antiochos X at Tarsos.jpg

    Coin of Antiochos X Eusebes Philopator depicting Sandon.

関連項目

参照

  1. ↑ Donald A. MacKenzie, Myths of Babylonia and Assyria (1915), p. 348.
  2. ↑ James George Frazer, Adonis Attis Osiris: Studies in the History of Oriental Religion (1906), p. 127.
  3. ↑ Martin Hengel and Anna Maria Schwemer, Paul between Damascus and Antioch: The Missing Years (SCM Press, 1997), p. 167.
  4. ↑ Hetty Goldman, “The Sandon Monument of Tarsus”, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 60, No. 4 (December 1940), p. 544.
  5. ↑ Goldman, p. 544.
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