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In Arabic literature, Qaf was the loftiest of the mountain ranges created by Allah to support the earth and was the parent of all other earthly mountains, to which it was linked by subterranean ranges. The range is separated from the world of men by the oceans that surround the known world. Qaf, as the primeval mountain, came to symbolise the cosmic mountain where the natural and supernatural met and the link between the [[Alam al Mulk|terrestrial]] and [[Malakut|celestial]] worlds was established. It is said that the [[anqa]] and [[Roc (mythology)|rukh]] will come here. The emerald-made cities [[Jabulqa and Jabulsa]], situated in darkness, are said to be contiguous to the mountain Qaf.<ref name="Lebling"/><ref name="Qaf"/><ref name="wonders">{{cite book |last1=Qazwīnī |first1=Zakarīyā Ibn-Muḥammad al- |title=Kosmographie: ¬Die Wunder der Schöpfung |date=1849 |publisher=Dieterich |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eCk-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PT152 |access-date=3 October 2019 |language=ar}}</ref>
→アラビアの伝承
== アラビアの伝承 ==
アラビア語で「カフ山」は、地球を取り囲む海の彼方にあることから「地の果て」と呼ばれる神秘的な山である<ref name="Qaf">[http://www.mythologydictionary.com/mount-qaf-mythology.html Mount Qaf - Mythology Dictionary]（リンク切れ：22-05-09）</ref>。その遠さから、北極点はこの山と同じ、とされることもある<ref>Ibrahim Muhawi & Sharif Kanaana. ''Speak, Bird, Speak Again: Palestinian Arab Folktales.'' Berkeley University of California Press</ref><ref>Irgam Yigfagna; ''al-Jabal al-Lamma''</ref>。ハティム・タイの記述によると、カフ山は緑色のエメラルドやペリドット、クリソライトで構成され、その反射で空が緑色に染まっている、と言われている。カフ山はジン族の故郷であり、その先には目に見えない神の世界が始まるとされている。。ハティム・タイの記述によると、カフ山は緑色のエメラルドやペリドット、クリソライトで構成され、その反射で空が緑色に染まっている、と言われている。カフ山はジン族の故郷であり、その先には目に見えない神の世界が始まるとされている。アラビアでは、カフ山はアッラーが地球を支えるために創った山脈の中で最も高く、他のすべての地上の山脈の親であり、その山脈は地下でつながっているとされる。
[[Zakariya al-Qazwini]] published [[ʿAjā'ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā'ib al-mawjūdāt]] ("The Wonders of Creation", literally "Marvels of things created and miraculous aspects of things existing")<ref>[https://www.wdl.org/en/item/15264/ The Wonders of Creation - World Digital Library]</ref> in the 13th century, a book that was influential in early modern Islamic society. According to Qazwini's cosmology, the sky is held by [[God in Islam|God]] so that it does not fall on Earth. The Earth is considered flat (later Islamic scholars believed that it was round) and surrounded by a series of mountains —including Mount Qaf— that hold it in its place like pegs; the Earth is supported by the [[Kujata|Kuyuthan]] that stands on [[Bahamut]], a giant fish ({{lang-ar|بهموت}} ''Bahamūt'') dwelling in a cosmic ocean; the ocean is inside a bowl that sits on top of an angel or [[jinn]].<ref>Zakariya al-Qazwini. ''ʿAjā'ib al-makhlūqāt wa gharā'ib al-mawjūdāt'' (The Wonders of Creation). Original published in 1553 AD</ref>
