差分

シュメールの神エンキ（アッカド語ではエア）は、人類が誕生する以前からアプスーに住んでいたと信じられていた。妻のダムガルヌナ、母のナンムー、顧問のイシムード、そして門番のラームーなど、さまざまな従属的な神々もアプスーで生活していた<ref>Orlin Eric, 2015-11-19, Routledge Encyclopedia of Ancient Mediterranean Religions, https://books.google.com/books?id=dXH4CgAAQBAJ&dq=abzu+damgalnuna&pg=PA8 , Routledge, page8, isbn:978-1134625529</ref><ref>Horowitz Wayne, 1998, Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography, https://books.google.com/books?id=P8fl8BXpR0MC&dq=abzu+lahmu&pg=PA308, Eisenbrauns, page308 , isbn:0931464994</ref><ref>Putthoff Tyson, 2020, Gods and Humans in the Ancient Near East, https://books.google.com/books?id=9Cn-DwAAQBAJ&dq=abzu+isimud&pg=PA71, Cambridge University Press, page71 , isbn:978-1108490542</ref><ref>Eppihimer Melissa, 2019, Exemplars of Kingship: Art, Tradition, and the Legacy of the Akkadians, https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtGaDwAAQBAJ&dq=gatekeeper+lahmu&pg=PA188, Oxford University Press, page188, isbn:978-0190903015</ref><ref>N. Pope Charles, 2016, Living in Truth: Archaeology and the Patriarchs (Part I): Early Pharaohs, https://books.google.com/books?id=Aax2DAAAQBAJ&dq=isimud+advisor&pg=PA17, DomainOfMan.com, page17</ref>。

Abzu (''apsû'') is depicted as a [[deity]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofgo00jord |url-access=registration |title=Encyclopedia of gods: over 2,500 deities of the world |last=Jordan |first=Michael |year=1993 |location=New York |publisher=Facts on File |via=Internet Archive |page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofgo00jord/page/2 2]|isbn=9780816029099 }}</ref> only in the Babylonian [[Creation myth|creation]] [[Epic poetry|epic]], the [[Enūma Eliš|{{transl|akk|Enūma Eliš}}]], taken from the library of [[Assurbanipal]] (c. 630 BCE) but which is about 500 years older. In this story, he was a primal being made of fresh water and a lover to another primal deity, [[Tiamat]], a creature of salt water. The {{transl|akk|Enūma Eliš}} begins: "When above the heavens (''e-nu-ma e-liš'') did not yet exist nor the earth below, Apsu the freshwater ocean was there, the first, the begetter, and Tiamat, the saltwater sea, she who bore them all; they were still mixing their waters, and no pasture land had yet been formed, nor even a reed marsh." This resulted in the birth of the younger gods, who later murdered Apsu in order to usurp his lordship of the universe. Enraged, Tiamat gives birth to the first dragons, filling their bodies with "venom instead of blood", and made war upon her treacherous children, only to be slain by [[Marduk]], the god of Storms, who then forms the heavens and earth from her corpse.

==In popular culture==

''[[Abzû]]'' is a 2016 adventure game that was influenced by Sumerian mythology of Abzu.<ref name="VerseInterview">{{cite web|url=https://www.inverse.com/article/21362-abz-creative-director-matt-nava-interview |title=Exploring the Hidden Depths of 'Abzû' |author=Haske, Steve |website=[[Inverse (website)|Inverse]] |date=2016-09-27 |access-date=2017-04-22 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20170309194945/https://www.inverse.com/article/21362-abz-creative-director-matt-nava-interview |archive-date=2017-03-09 |url-status=live }}</ref>