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With one exception, Greeks were unanimous in recognizing the birthplace of Zeus as Crete. Minoan culture contributed many essentials of ancient Greek religion: "by a hundred channels the old civilization emptied itself into the new", Will Durant observed,<ref>Durant, ''The Life of Greece'' (''The Story of Civilization'' Part II, New York: Simon & Schuster) 1939:23.</ref> and Cretan Zeus retained his youthful Minoan features. The local child of the Great Mother, "a small and inferior deity who took the roles of son and consort",<ref>Rodney Castleden, ''Minoans: Life in Bronze-Age Crete'', "The Minoan belief-system" (Routledge) 1990:125</ref> whose Minoan name the Greeks Hellenized as Velchanos, was in time assumed as an [[epithet]] by Zeus, as transpired at many other sites, and he came to be venerated in Crete as '''Zeus Velchanos''' ("boy-Zeus"), often simply the ''[[Kouros]]''.
→ゼウス・ベルカノス
==== ゼウス・ベルカノス ====
ギリシャ人は一人の例外を除いて、ゼウスの生誕地をクレタ島と一致して認めていた。ミノア文化は古代ギリシャの宗教の多くのエッセンスを提供した。ウィル・デュラントは「百の経路によって、古い文明は新しい文明の中に消えていった」と述べており<ref>Durant, ''The Life of Greece'' (''The Story of Civilization'' Part II, New York: Simon & Schuster) 1939:23.</ref>、クレタのゼウスはその若々しいミノア人の特徴を保っていた。大母神の子供で、「息子と妃の役割を担った小さく劣った神」は<ref>Rodney Castleden, ''Minoans: Life in Bronze-Age Crete'', "The Minoan belief-system" (Routledge) 1990:125</ref>、ギリシャ人がヘレネス化してヴェルカノスと名付けたが、他の多くの場所で起こったように、そのうちゼウスの諡号となり、クレタでゼウス・ヴェルカノス（「少年ゼウス」）として崇拝されるようになり、単にクーロスと呼ばれることも多くなった。
In [[Crete]], Zeus was worshipped at a number of caves at [[Knossos]], [[Mount Ida, Crete|Ida]] and [[Palaikastro]]. In the Hellenistic period a small sanctuary dedicated to Zeus Velchanos was founded at the [[Hagia Triada]] site of a long-ruined Minoan palace. Broadly contemporary coins from [[Phaistos]] show the form under which he was worshiped: a youth sits among the branches of a tree, with a cockerel on his knees.<ref>Pointed out by Bernard Clive Dietrich, ''The Origins of Greek Religion'' (de Gruyter) 1973:15.</ref> On other Cretan coins Velchanos is represented as an eagle and in association with a goddess celebrating a mystic marriage.<ref>A.B. Cook, ''Zeus'' Cambridge University Press, 1914, I, figs 397, 398.</ref> Inscriptions at [[Gortyn]] and Lyttos record a ''Velchania'' festival, showing that Velchanios was still widely venerated in Hellenistic Crete.<ref>Dietrich 1973, noting [[Martin P. Nilsson]], ''Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, and Its Survival in Greek Religion'' 1950:551 and notes.</ref>
