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[[File:Disc pyramid earrings BM J1672-3 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Detail of an earring showing a figure of Eros holding an ''iynx'' toy. Created in Northern Greece, 330-300 BC<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hermitagemuseum.org/wps/portal/hermitage/digital-collection/25.+Archaeological+Artifacts/960524/?lng=ru |accessdate=2021-07-26 |title=Пара серег |language=ru}}</ref>]]
'''イユンクス'''（'''Ἴυγξ''', Iynx）は、ギリシア神話に登場する女呪術師あるいはその呪術に用いられた道具である。アリスイの意。カリマコスによると牧神[[パーン]]と[[エーコー]]の娘、あるいは[[ペイトー]]の娘<ref name="スーダ"/>。
In [[Greek mythology]], '''Iynx''' ({{lang-grc-gre|Ἴϋγξ|Íÿnx}}) was an [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadian]] [[Oread]] [[nymph]]; a daughter of the god [[Pan (mythology)|Pan]] and [[Echo (mythology)|Echo]]. In popular myth, she used an enchantment to cast a spell on [[Zeus]] which caused him to fall in love with [[Io (mythology)|Io]]. In consequence of this, [[Hera]] metamorphosed her into the bird called '''iynx''' ([[Eurasian wryneck]], ''Jynx torquilla'').<ref>[[Scholia]] on [[Theocritus]] 2. 17, on [[Pindar]], Pythian Ode 4. 380, Nemean Ode 4. 56; [[Tzetzes]] on [[Lycophron]] 310. (cited in Smith)</ref>
''Iynx'' toys were small metal or wooden discs rotated by pulling attached strings, in a manner similar to more modern [[Whirligig#Button_whirligigs|button whirligig toys]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hoorn |first1=Gerard van |title=Choes and Anthesteria |date=1951 |publisher=Brill Archive |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Choes_and_Anthesteria/dcwUAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=iynx+disc&pg=PA46&printsec=frontcover |access-date=22 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
== Mythology ==
Iynx was an [[Arcadia (ancient region)|Arcadian]] [[nymph]] and the daughter of [[Pan (god)|Pan]] and [[Echo (mythology)|Echo]], or [[Peitho]]. She was the creator of a magical love-charm known as the ''iynx''—a spinning wheel with a wryneck bird attached. Iynx used her enchantments to make Zeus fall in love with her or with the nymph [[Io (mythology)|Io]]. Hera was enraged and transformed her into a wryneck bird.<ref>{{Citation|title=II. Epistula IIb ad Serapionem und Epistula III ad Serapionem|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110227710.32|work=Athanasius Werke Band 1, Teil 1: Epistulae I-IV ad Serapionem|year=2010|place=Berlin, New York|publisher=De Gruyter|doi=10.1515/9783110227710.32|isbn=978-3-11-022771-0|access-date=2021-02-09}}</ref>
According to another story, she was a daughter of [[Pierus (king of Macedonia)|Pierus]], and as she and her sisters had presumed to enter into a musical contest with the [[Muses]], she was changed into the bird iynx.<ref>[[Antoninus Liberalis]] 9. (cited in Smith)</ref> This bird, the symbol of passionate and restless love, was given by [[Aphrodite]] to [[Jason]], who, by turning it round and pronouncing certain magic words, excited the love of [[Medea]].<ref>[[Pindar]], Pythian Ode 4. 380, &c.; [[Tzetzes]] on [[Lycophron]] 310 (cited in Smith)</ref>
* [[Antoninus Liberalis]], ''The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis'' translated by Francis Celoria (Routledge 1992). [https://topostext.org/work/216 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aalphabetic+letter%3D*i%3Aentry+group%3D36%3Aentry%3Di%29%2Fugc Entry for '''ἴυγξ''' in LSJ Greek Lexicon (via Perseus)] – including magical uses of the word
* [[Pindar]], ''Odes'' translated by Diane Arnson Svarlien. 1990. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DP. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DN. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Pindar, ''The Odes of Pindar'' including the Principal Fragments with an Introduction and an English Translation by Sir John Sandys, Litt.D., FBA. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1937. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0161%3Abook%3DP. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library]. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0161%3Abook%3DN. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
==神話==
== 脚注 ==
<ref name="スーダ">『[[スーダ]]』。『スーダ』。"{{URL|http://www.stoa.org/sol-entries/iota/759|, iynx}}", ''Suda On Line", tr. Jennifer Benedict. 3 December 2000</ref><ref name="ピンダロス">ピンダロス[[ピューティア第四祝勝歌|『ピュティア祝勝歌』第4歌]]213行以下；{{harvnb|沓掛訳|ピンダロス『ピュティア祝勝歌』第4歌213行以下；沓掛訳, 1978|p=151}}。, p151。</ref>
== 参照 ==
