差分

また、ギリシャの文献にもマリスに関する記述が複数残されている<ref>Payne, 2019, p244</ref>。彼女の名前はギリシャ語で表記されていることから、ギリシャの作家はリュキア語やルウィ語ではなく、リュディア語の資料からマリスについて学んだと推測される<ref>Payne, Sasseville, 2016, p77</ref>。しかし、ギリシャの作家達がどの程度、マリスのことを知っていたかは、まだ不明である<ref>Rutherford, 2017, p81</ref>。イアン・ラザフォードは、マリスの例をサンダースのクババの例と比較した<ref>sfn, Rutherford, 2020, p329</ref>。クババも前2千年以降もある程度の関連性を保ちながら、ギリシャ語のテキストで参照され続けた女神であるためである<ref>Rutherford, 2017, p=81</ref>。

Multiple references to Malis are also known from Greek sources. Based on attested Greek spellings of her name is presumed Greek authors learned about her from Lydian sourcesテオクリトスの『''イディール''（Idylls）』には、マリス（Μαλίς）という名の水のニンフが登場する<ref>Payne, rather than Lycian or Luwian. However2019, the degree to which they were familiar with her remains uncertain. Ian p242</ref>。ユニカ、ニケイア<ref>Serangeli, 2015, p378</ref>という2人のニンフとともにプロポンティス島のキオスに住み、ハイラスを誘拐した張本人である<ref>Rutherford compares her case to that of [[Sandas]],{{sfn|2020, p330</ref>。イアン・ラザフォードは、マリスが川の精であるという見解は、マリヤの本来の役割である川の女神と一致しているように見えると述べている<ref>Rutherford|, 2020|p=329}} and with less certainty to [[Kubaba (goddess)|Kubaba]], who also retained a degree of relevance after the second millennium BCEp331</ref>。ソポクレスは『ピロクテテス』の中で、スペルケイオス川のマリアデス（Μαλιάδες）という似た名前の複数のニンフに<ref>Payne, and continued to be referenced in Greek texts.{{sfn|2019, p242</ref>ついて言及している<ref>Serangeli, 2015, p379</ref>。しかし、ラザフォードによれば、彼らは単数形のマリスとは関係がない可能性が高く、代わりにギリシャのマリスと関係があると考えるべきであるという<ref>Rutherford|2017|p=81}}, 2020, p330</ref>。

A literary fragment from ギリシャの別の伝承では、マリスはリュディアと関係しながらも、この地域の神話上の女王である[[Lesbosオムパレー]] portrays Malis (Μᾶλις) as a weaverの奴隷としか見なされていない<ref>Haas, and according to Annick Payne might be an indication the goddess was also worshiped by Greeks.{{sfn|Payne|2019|p=242}} Rutherford notes that if this description reflects an Anatolian tradition2015, it might have been the reason behind the frequent equation between Malis and Athena, though he also considers it possible that it was a Greek invention relying on a preexisting equation.{{sfn|p411</ref><ref>Rutherford|2020|p=329}} At the same time, he tentatively speculates that since the myth of [[Arachne]] is not recorded in sources predating [[Ovid]], according to whom the contest between the mythical weavers took place in [[Hypaepa]] in Lydia, it might have originally been a Lydian myth about Malis, if the hypothesis that she was a weaver goddess is accepted.{{sfn|Rutherford|2020|pp=329-220}} Payne in her analysis of available evidence notes that a figurine of a weaver in Lydian headwear found at [[Ephesus]] might also be evidence of Greek worship of Malis as a deity of such character.{{sfn|Payne|2019|p=242}} [[Hipponax]], an early Greek poet who apparently spoke both Greek and Lydian, left behind a short invocation addressed to Malis (Μαλὶς):{{quotation|p330<poem/ref>O Malis, help me (?), and since it is my lot to have a demented master I beg of you that I not get a beating.{{sfn|Rutherford|2020|p<ref group=329}}"私注">おそらくオムパレーとマリヤは「同じもの」であるだろう。</poemref>。このような見解は、ビザンティウムとヘラニコスのステファヌスの著作に見出すことができる<ref>}}[[Image:John William Waterhouse - Hylas and the Nymphs (1896).jpg|thumb|330px|''[[Hylas and the Nymphs (painting)|Hylas and the Nymphs]]'' (1896) by [[John William Waterhouse]]]]A water [[nymph]] ([[naiad]]) named Malis (Μαλίς) is attested in [[Theocritus]]' ''Idylls''.{{sfn|Payne|, 2019|p=242}} Alongside two other nymphs, Eunika and Nicheia,{{sfn|Serangeli|2015|p=378}} she resided in [[Kios]] on [[Propontis]], and together they were responsible for the abduction of [[Hylas]].{{sfn|p242</ref>。このことは、女神マリスが、ギリシャの英雄と同一視されるアナトリアの神サンダス（Sandas）と並んで崇拝されていた伝統を反映しているのかもしれない<ref>Rutherford|2020|p=330}} Ian Rutherford notes that view that Malis was a river nymph appears to align with the original role of Maliya as a river goddess.{{sfn|Rutherford|2020|p=331}} [[Sophocles]] in the play ''[[Philoctetes (Sophocles play)|Philoctetes]]'' mentions a plurality of nymphs with a similar name,{{sfn|Payne|2019|p=242}} [[Meliae|Maliades]] (Μαλιάδες) from the river [[Spercheios]].{{sfn|Serangeli|2015|p=379}} However2017, according to Rutherfordp91</ref>。しかし、この解釈を支持する確かな証拠はなく、前2千年紀の既知のテキストにも、両者を関連づけるものはない<ref>Watkins, they are most likely not related to the singular Malis2007, and should be assumed to be connected to [[Malians (Greek tribe)|Malis]] in Greece instead.{{sfn|Rutherford|2020|p=330}}p123</ref>。

In a different Greek tradition Malis, while associated with Lydia, was only regarded as a slave of [紀元1世紀の『聖テクラの生涯と奇跡』にサンダスと並んで登場するダマリス<ref>ダマリス（Damalis、古代ギリシャ語：Δάμαλις）は、「雌牛」を意味するギリシャ語の女性名である。（Wikipedia:[Omphale]], a mythical queen of this realmhttps://en.{{sfn|Haas|2015|p=411}}{{sfn|Rutherford|2020|p=330}} This view can be found in the works of [[Stephanus of Byzantium]] and [[Hellanicus of Lesbos|Hellanikos]]wikipedia.{{sfn|Payne|2019|p=242}} According to the latter of these two authors, she had a son with [[Heracles]org/wiki/Damalis Damalis]（最終閲覧日：22-12-02））</ref>という神名をマリスと結びつける試みがなされているが、信憑性はなく、このテキストにある「サンダスとダマリスの都市」は、イサウリアのダリサンドスの再解釈であるかもしれない<ref>Rutherford, Akeles2017, which might reflect a tradition in which the goddess Malis was worshiped alongside Sandas, an Anatolian god identified with the Greek hero, though there is no certain evidence in favor of this interpretation,{{sfn|Rutherford|2017|p=91}} and no known texts from the second millennium BCE associate them with each other.{{sfn|Watkins|2007|p=123}}p91</ref>。

Attempts have been made to connect the supposed theonym Damalis, present in ''== 私的解説 ==マリヤの比較的新しい年代の姿はギリシャ神話やローマの属州であったリュキアを通して伝えられているが、元々カネシュ（キリキア寄り）で祀られていた女神であれば、メソポタミアやフルリあるいはルウィに関係した女神だったのではないだろうか。[[Life and Miracles of Saint Theclaオムパレー]]'' from the first century CE alongside Sandas, to Malis, but they are not regarded as plausible, and the "city of Sandas and Damalis" mentioned in this text might be a reinterpretation of とは[[Dalisandus (Isauria)|Dalisandosカムルセパ]] in [[Isauria]].{{sfn|Rutherford|2017|p=91}}女神のことではないか、と考える。

==References==おそらくマリヤは[[サンダス]]の妻、あるいは母女神と考えられており、天候神としての性質も有していたのではないか。その連続から「'''雲を織る女神'''」と考えられていた可能性があるように思う。  また、「自らの庭園を有して、それを支配する女神」というのは、「王権神授」とも関連を有してたようである。「庭園を持つ女神」とは、ギリシア神話のヘーラー、シュメール神話の[[イナンナ]]、中国神話の[[西王母]]などである。{{reflist}}===Bibliography=参考文献 =={{refbegin|30em}}*{{cite book|last=Archi|first=Alfonso|editor-last=, Lebrun|editor-first=René|title=, Studia Anatolica in memoriam Erich Neu dicata|chapter=, The Heptad in Anatolia|chapter-url=, https://www.academia.edu/7003571|publisher=, Peeters|publication-place=, Louvain-la-Neuve|date=, 2010|, isbn=:978-90-429-2338-6|, oclc=:682137206}}*{{cite book|last=Bachvarova|first=Mary R.|title=, From Hittite to Homer. 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