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Her iconography usually presents her as a dignified, matronly figure, upright or enthroned, crowned with a ''[[polos]]'' or [[diadem]], sometimes veiled as a married woman. She is the patron goddess of lawful marriage. She presides over weddings, blesses and legalises marital unions, and protects women from harm during childbirth. Her sacred animals include the [[Cattle|cow]], [[cuckoo]] and the [[Peafowl|peacock]]. She is sometimes shown holding a [[pomegranate]], as an emblem of immortality. Her [[Interpretatio graeca|Roman counterpart]] is [[Juno (mythology)|Juno]].<ref name="Larouse">''Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia'', [[The Book People]], Haydock, 1995, p. 215.</ref> ==Etymology語源 ==
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ヘーラーの添え名は'''ガメイラ'''（結婚の）、'''ズュギア'''（縁結びの）で、アルカディアのステュムパーロスでは女性の一生涯を表す'''パイス'''（乙女）、'''テレイアー'''（成人の女性、妻）、'''ケーラー'''（寡婦）の三つの名で呼ばれた<ref>パウサニアス、8巻22・2。</ref><ref name="G" />。ホメーロスによる長編叙事詩『イーリアス』では「白い腕の女神ヘーレー」、「牝牛の眼をした女神ヘーレー」、「黄金の御座のヘーレー」など特有の形容語を持っている<ref>呉茂一、高津春繁訳 世界古典文学全集第1巻『ホメーロス』筑摩書房、6,16,17頁。</ref>。
彼女の図像は通常、直立または戴冠し、ポロスまたはディアデムを冠し、時にはベールを被った既婚女性として、威厳のある母性的な姿をしている<ref>Elderkin, G. W. “The Marriage of Zeus and Hera and Its Symbol.” American Journal of Archaeology 41, no. 3 (1937): pp. 424–35. https://doi.org/10.2307/498508.</ref>。ヘーラーは合法的な結婚の守護女神である。結婚式を司り、結婚を祝福し、合法化し、出産時の危害から女性を守る。彼女の神聖な動物は、牛、カッコウ、クジャクなどである。。ヘーラーは合法的な結婚の守護女神である。結婚式を司り、結婚を祝福し、合法化し、出産時の危害から女性を守る。彼女の神聖な動物は、牛、カッコウ、クジャクなどである。ヘーラーは不老不死の象徴としてザクロを手にした姿で描かれることもある。ローマ神話ではユーノーと呼ばれている<ref name="Larouse">''Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia'', The Book People, Haydock, 1995, p. 215.</ref>。
The name of Hera has several possible and mutually exclusive etymologies; one possibility is to connect it with [[Greek language|Greek]] ὥρα ''hōra'', season, and to interpret it as ripe for marriage and according to [[Plato]] ἐρατή ''eratē'', "beloved"<ref>[[LSJ]] s.v. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3De)rato%2Fs ἐρατός].</ref> as Zeus is said to have married her for love.<ref>[[Plato]], [[Cratylus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0172%3Atext%3DCrat.%3Asection%3D404c 404c]</ref> According to [[Plutarch]], Hera was an allegorical name and an anagram of ''aēr'' (ἀήρ, "air").<ref>On Isis and Osiris, 32</ref> So begins the section on Hera in [[Walter Burkert]]'s ''Greek Religion''.<ref>[[Walter Burkert|Burkert]], p. 131.</ref> In a note, he records other scholars' arguments "for the meaning Mistress as a feminine to ''Heros'', Master." [[John Chadwick]], a decipherer of [[Linear B]], remarks "her name may be connected with ''hērōs'', ἥρως, 'hero', but that is no help since it too is etymologically obscure."<ref>Chadwick, ''The Mycenaean World'' (Cambridge University Press) 1976:87.</ref> A. J. van Windekens,<ref>Windekens, in ''Glotta'' '''36''' (1958), pp. 309-11.</ref> offers "young cow, heifer", which is consonant with Hera's common epithet βοῶπις (''boōpis'', "cow-eyed"). [[Robert S. P. Beekes|R. S. P. Beekes]] has suggested a [[Pre-Greek]] origin.<ref>[[Robert S. P. Beekes|R. S. P. Beekes]], ''Etymological Dictionary of Greek'', Brill, 2009, p. 524.</ref> Her name is attested in [[Mycenaean Greek]] written in the Linear B syllabic script as {{lang|gmy|{{script|Linb|[[wikt:𐀁𐀨|𐀁𐀨]]}}}} ''e-ra'', appearing on tablets found in [[Pylos]] and [[Thebes, Greece|Thebes]],<ref>{{cite web|website=Palaeolexicon. Word study tool of Ancient languages|url=http://www.palaeolexicon.com/ShowWord.aspx?Id=16725|title=The Linear B word e-ra}} {{cite web|last=Raymoure|first=K.A.|url=http://minoan.deaditerranean.com/resources/linear-b-sign-groups/e/e-ra/|title=e-ra|work=Minoan Linear A & Mycenaean Linear B|publisher=Deaditerranean|access-date=2014-03-13|archive-date=2016-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322064243/http://minoan.deaditerranean.com/resources/linear-b-sign-groups/e/e-ra/|url-status=dead}}</ref> as well in the [[Cypriotic]] dialect in the [[dative case|dative]] ''e-ra-i''.<ref>Blažek, Václav. "[http://hdl.handle.net/11222.digilib/136225 Artemis and her family]". In: ''Graeco-Latina Brunensia'' vol. 21, iss. 2 (2016). p. 47. {{ISSN|2336-4424}}</ref>
