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ヘシオドスの『神統記』（前730〜700年頃）では、父ウラヌスを去勢したクロノスが宇宙の最高支配者となり<ref>See Gantz, pp. 10–11; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:139-172 159–83].</ref>、妹レアーと結婚して三女三男をもうける。ヘスティア、デーメーテール、ヘーラー、ハーデス、ポセイドーン、そして最後に6人の中で最も若い「賢者」ゼウスが生まれた<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA67 p. 67]; Hansen, [https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/66/mode/2up?view=theater p. 67]; Tripp, [https://archive.org/details/crowellshandbook00trip/page/604/mode/2up?view=theater s.v. Zeus, p. 605]; Caldwell, [https://archive.org/details/hesiodstheogony00hesi/page/8/mode/2up?view=theater p. 9, table 12]; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491 453–8]. So too Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.5 1.1.5]; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#68.1 68.1].</ref>。クロノスは両親であるガイアとウラヌスから、自分の子供がいつか父親を倒したように自分を倒す運命にあるという予言を受け、子供が生まれるとすぐにその子供を飲み込んでしまうのだ<ref>Gantz, p. 41; Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA67 p. 67–8]; Grimal, [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/466/mode/2up?view=theater s.v. Zeus, p. 467]; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491 459–67]. Compare with Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.5 1.1.5], who gives a similar account, and Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.1 70.1–2], who doesn't mention Cronus' parents, but rather says that it was an oracle who gave the prophecy.</ref><ref group="私注">これは「幼児供犠」の習慣を思わせる。</ref>。そのためレーアーは「絶え間ない悲しみ」に襲われ<ref>Cf. Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.6 1.1.6], who says that Rhea was "enraged".</ref>、6番目の子供ゼウスを妊娠すると、両親であるガイアとウラヌスに、子供を救ってクロノスに報いを与える計画を持ちかける<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA68 p. 68]; Gantz, p. 41; Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=zeus-bio-1 s.v. Zeus]; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491 468–73].</ref>。両親の指示に従い、レーアーはクレタ島のリクトゥスに行き、そこでゼウスを出産し<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA74 p. 74]; Gantz, p. 41; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491 474–9].</ref>、生まれたばかりの子供をガイアに渡して育ててもらい、ガイアはゼウスをアイゲオン山の洞窟に連れて行く<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA74 p. 74]; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491 479–84]. According to Hard 2004, the "otherwise unknown" Mount Aegaeon can "presumably ... be identified with one of the various mountains near Lyktos".</ref>。レーアーはクロノスに、子供の代わりに乳母車に包まれた石を渡した。クロノスはそれが自分の子供でないことに気づかず、すぐに飲み込んでしまった<ref>Hansen, [https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/66/mode/2up?view=theater p. 67]; Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA68 p. 68]; Smith, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=zeus-bio-1 s.v. Zeus]; Gantz, p. 41; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:453-491 485–91]. For iconographic representations of this scene, see Louvre [https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010270223 G 366]; Clark, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2gtmbI-v35sC&pg=PA20 p. 20, figure 2.1] and Metropolitan Museum of Art [https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/247308 06.1021.144]; ''LIMC'' [http://ark.dasch.swiss/ark:/72163/080e-74814fdcbeca1-e 15641]; Beazley Archive [http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/record/D550FF52-B336-4E6F-80BF-822C069CCE23 214648]. According to Pausanias, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.perseus-eng1:9.41.6 9.41.6], this event occurs at Petrachus, a "crag" nearby to Chaeronea (see West 1966, p. 301 on line 485).</ref>。
ヘシオドスはリクトゥスをゼウスの生誕地としているが、そうしたのは彼だけであり<ref>West 1966, p. 291 on lines 453–506; Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA75 p. 75].</ref>、他の著者は異なる場所を示している。コリントの詩人エウメロス（前8世紀）は、リディア人ヨハネによれば、ゼウスはリディアで生まれたと考え<ref>Fowler 2013, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA35 35], [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA50 50]; Eumelus [https://archive.org/details/L497GreekEpicFragmentsVIIVcBC/page/n235/mode/2up?view=theater fr. 2 West, pp. 224, 225] [= [https://books.google.com/books?id=j0nRE4C2WBgC&pg=PA109 fr. 10 Fowler, p. 109] = ''PEG'' fr. 18 (Bernabé, p. 114) = Lydus, ''De Mensibus'' 4.71]. According to West 2003, [https://archive.org/details/L497GreekEpicFragmentsVIIVcBC/page/n235/mode/2up?view=theater p. 225 n. 3], in this version he was born "probably on Mt. Sipylos".</ref>、アレクサンドリアの詩人カリマコス（前310頃-前240頃）は、ゼウスへの賛歌でアルカディアで生まれたと述べている<ref>Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA391 p. 391]; Grimal, [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofclas0000grim/page/466/mode/2up?view=theater s.v. Zeus, p. 467]; Callimachus, ''Hymn to Zeus'' (1) [https://archive.org/details/callimachuslycop00calluoft/page/36/mode/2up?view=theater 4–11 (pp. 36–9)].</ref>。シケリアのディオドロス・シクルス（紀元前1世紀頃）は、一度はイダ山を出生地としているようだが、後にディクテで生まれたとしており<ref>Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA391 p. 391]; Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 70.2], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.6 70.6].</ref>、神話学者アポロドロス（紀元1、2世紀）も同様にディクテの洞窟で生まれたと述べている、神話学者アポロドーロス（紀元1、2世紀）も同様にディクテの洞窟で生まれたと述べている<ref>Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.6 1.1.6].</ref>。
=== 幼少期 ===
『神統記』にはゼウスの生い立ちについて、すくすくと育ったということ以外何も書かれていないが<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA68 p. 68]; Gantz, p. 41; Hesiod, ''Theogony'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0020.tlg001.perseus-eng1:492-506 492–3]: "the strength and glorious limbs of the prince increased quickly".</ref>、他の資料にはより詳細な記述がある。
アポロドルスによると、レーアーはディクテーの洞窟でゼウスを産んだ後、メリセウスの娘であるニンフのアドラスティアとイーダーにゼウスを託した<ref>Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.6 1.1.6]; Gantz, p. 42; West 1983, p. 133.</ref>。ニンフ達はゼウスに雌山羊アマルティアの乳を飲ませ<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA612 p. 612 n. 53 to p. 75]; Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.7 1.1.7].</ref>、クーレテ族は洞窟を守り、盾で槍を打ち、クロノスに赤ん坊の泣き声が聞こえないようにした<ref>Hansen, [https://archive.org/details/handbookofclassi0000hans/page/216/mode/2up?view=theater p. 216]; Apollodorus, [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.7 1.1.7].</ref><ref group="私注">これは邪気祓いの祭祀ではないだろうか。</ref>。シケリアのディオドロスも同様の記述をしており、出産後、レーアーはイダ山へ行き、生まれたばかりのゼウスをクーレテスに渡し<ref>Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 7.70.2]; see also [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#65.4 7.65.4].</ref>、その後、ニンフたち（名前はない）のところへ連れて行き、アマルティアのヤギから蜂蜜とミルクを混ぜたもので彼を育てたと述べている<ref>Diodorus Siculus, [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 7.70.2–3].</ref> He also refers to the Kouretes "rais[ing] a great alarum", and in doing so deceiving Cronus,<ref>。
According to Apollodorus, Rhea, after giving birth to Zeus in a cave in Dicte, gives him to the nymphs [[Adrasteia]] and [[Ida (nurse of Zeus)|Ida]], daughters of [[Melisseus]], to nurse. They feed him on the milk of the she-goat [[Amalthea (mythology)|Amalthea]],<ref>Hard 2004, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA612 p. 612 n. 53 to p. 75]; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1.7 1.1.7]. Diodorus Siculus provides a similar account, saying that, after giving birth, Rhea travels to [[Mount Ida]] and gives the newborn Zeus to the Kouretes,<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 7.70.2]; see also [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#65.4 7.65.4].</ref> who then takes him to some nymphs (not named), who raised him on a mixture of honey and milk from the goat Amalthea.<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 7.70.2–3].</ref> He also refers to the Kouretes "rais[ing] a great alarum", and in doing so deceiving Cronus,<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#65.4 7.65.4].</ref> and relates that when the Kouretes were carrying the newborn Zeus that the [[umbilical cord]] fell away at the river Triton.<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.4 7.70.4].</ref>
while the [[Kouretes]] guard the cave and beat their spears on their shields so that [[Cronus]] cannot hear the infant's crying. Diodorus Siculus provides a similar account, saying that, after giving birth, Rhea travels to [[Mount Ida]] and gives the newborn Zeus to the Kouretes,<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 7.70.2]; see also [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#65.4 7.65.4].</ref> who then takes him to some nymphs (not named), who raised him on a mixture of honey and milk from the goat Amalthea.<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.2 7.70.2–3].</ref> He also refers to the Kouretes "rais[ing] a great alarum", and in doing so deceiving Cronus,<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#65.4 7.65.4].</ref> and relates that when the Kouretes were carrying the newborn Zeus that the [[umbilical cord]] fell away at the river Triton.<ref>[[Diodorus Siculus]], [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5D*.html#70.4 7.70.4].</ref>
