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イナンナは、他のどの神よりも明確で矛盾した側面を持つため、古代シュメールの多くの研究者に問題を提起してきた<ref>Vanstiphout, 1984, pages225–228</ref>。彼女の起源については、大きく分けて2つの説がある<ref>Vanstiphout, 1984, page228</ref>。第一の説は、イナンナはシュメール神話に登場する、それまで全く関係のなかった複数の神々が、全く異なる領域を持つ神々と習合した結果生まれたとするものである<ref>Vanstiphout, 1984, page228</ref><ref>Brandão, 2019, p43</ref>。第二の説は、イナンナはもともとセム系の神で、シュメールのパンテオンが完全に構築された後に参入し、まだ他の神に割り当てられていないすべての役割を担ったとするものである<ref>Vanstiphout, 1984, pages228–229</ref>。
ウルク時代（前4000年頃〜前3100年頃）、イナンナはすでにウルクの都市と結び付いていた<ref>Black, Green, 1992, page108</ref>。
As early as the [[Uruk period]] ({{circa}} 4000 – {{circa}} 3100 BCE), Inanna was already associated with the city of [[Uruk]].{{sfn|Black|Green|1992|page=108}} During this period, the symbol of a ring-headed doorpost was closely associated with Inanna.{{sfn|Black|Green|1992|page=108}} The famous [[Uruk Vase]] (found in a deposit of cult objects of the Uruk III period) depicts a row of naked men carrying various objects, including bowls, vessels, and baskets of farm products,{{sfn|Suter|2014|page=551}} and bringing sheep and goats to a [[female figure]] facing the ruler.{{sfn|Suter|2014|pages=550–552}} The female stands in front of Inanna's symbol of the two twisted reeds of the doorpost,{{sfn|Suter|2014|pages=550–552}} while the male figure holds a box and stack of bowls, the later [[Cuneiform script|cuneiform]] sign signifying the [[EN (cuneiform)|''En'']], or high priest of the temple.{{sfn|Suter|2014|pages=552–554}}
Seal impressions from the [[Jemdet Nasr period]] ({{circa}} 3100 – {{circa}} 2900 BCE) show a fixed sequence of symbols representing various cities, including those of [[Ur]], [[Larsa]], [[Zabalam]], [[Urum (Babylonia)|Urum]], [[Arina]], and probably [[Kesh (Sumer)|Kesh]].{{sfn|Van der Mierop|2007|page=55}} This list probably reflects the report of contributions to Inanna at Uruk from cities supporting her cult.{{sfn|Van der Mierop|2007|page=55}} A large number of similar seals have been discovered from phase I of the [[Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)|Early Dynastic period]] ({{circa}} 2900 – {{circa}} 2350 BCE) at [[Ur]], in a slightly different order, combined with the rosette symbol of Inanna.{{sfn|Van der Mierop|2007|page=55}} These seals were used to lock storerooms to preserve materials set aside for her cult.{{sfn|Van der Mierop|2007|page=55}}
