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From the [[Hittite Old Kingdom]], she was the chief goddess of the Hittite state. ヒッタイト古王国の時代から、エスタンはヒッタイトの主神だった。 The "Gods' city" of Arinna was the site of the coronation of the first Hittite kings and one of the empire's three holy cities. The [[Hattian language|Hattian]] name of the goddess was transcribed by the Hittites as Ištanu and Urunzimu. They also invoked her as Arinitti ("The Arinnian"). The epithet "of Arinna" only appears during the [[Hittite Middle Kingdom]], to distinguish the Sun goddess from the male Sun god of Heaven, who had been adopted by the Hittites from interaction with the [[Hurrians]].<ref>Piotr Taracha: ''Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia''. Wiesbaden 2009. {{ISBN|978-3-447-05885-8}}. S. 89</ref>
→起源と発展
アリンナの太陽女神は元はハッティ族に起源があり、ハッティ族はエスタン（Eštan）という名で信仰していた。エスタンのハッティ族の中での通り名の一つがウルセム（「大地の母」という意味か？）だった。<ref>Jörg Klinger: ''Untersuchungen zu Rekonstruktion der hattischen Kultschicht''. Studien zu den Boǧazköy-Texten, Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1996, {{ISBN|3-447-03667-2}}</ref>
During the [[Hittite New Kingdom]], she was identified with the [[Hurrian religion|Hurrian]]-Syrian goddess [[Ḫepat]] and the Hittite Queen [[Puduḫepa]] mentions her in her prayers using both names:
