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1 バイト除去 、 2022年11月14日 (月) 18:06
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エスナートゥス(Esunertus、「エススの力」)という個人名は、マーキュリーに捧げられた奉納碑文を含むガロ・ローマ時代の多くの碑文に登場する<ref name="MacCulloch">J. A. MacCulloch (1911). ‘Chapter III. The Gods of Gaul and the Continental Celts.’ [http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/celt/rac/rac06.htm ''The Religion of the Ancient Celts''.] New York: Dover Publications., ISBN:0-486-42765-X.</ref><ref>CIL, 13, 11644</ref>。またエスゲヌス(Esugenus、「エススから生まれた」)などの神話的な名前も確認されている<ref name="petrone">Jean Gricourt, 1958, L’Esus de Pétrone, Latomus, Société d’Études Latines de Bruxelles, volume17, pages102–109 , jstor:41518785</ref>。現在のノルマンディー地方にあるガリアのエスヴィー族はエススから名前を取った可能性がある<ref name="devries98">Jan de Vries (1954). ''Keltische Religion.'' W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart. p.98. [https://web.archive.org/web/20030413164435/http://www.geocities.com/chronarchy/mjournal/patrons/aboutesus.html Cited here.]</ref>。
  ==Imagery図像 ==
The two sculptures where Esus appears are the [[Pillar of the Boatmen]] from among the [[Parisii (Gaul)|Parisii]], on which Esus is identified by name,<ref name="nautae"/> and a pillar from [[Trier]] among the [[Treveri]] with similar iconography.<ref>{{cite book|author=Proinsias Mac Cana |title=Celtic Mythology |publisher=Hamlyn Publishing |location=London |date=1970 |pages=32–35}} [http://www.chronarchy.com/esus/aboutesus.html Cited here] (retrieved 2016-08-17).</ref><ref name="miranda">{{cite book|author=Miranda Green |title=Symbol & Image in Celtic Religious Art |date=1992 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |pages=103–104}}</ref> In both of these, Esus is portrayed cutting branches from [[tree]]s with his [[axe]].<ref name="miranda"/> Esus is accompanied, on different panels of the Pillar of the Boatmen, alongside [[Tarvos Trigaranus]] (the ‘bull with three cranes’), [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]], [[Vulcan (god)|Vulcan]], and other gods.

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