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== 名前と性質 ==
ガリア語で[towˈ]と発音するトゥータティス（''Toutatis''）<ref name="Lambert">Pierre-Yves Lambert (2003). ''La langue gauloise.'' Éditions Errance, Paris.</ref>とその変種のトゥーテーツ（''Toutates''）<ref name="Maier"/>、トゥーテーツ（''Teutates''）、トゥータタス（''Tūtatus''）、トゥートリックス（''Toutorīx''）<ref name="Koch"/>はガリア人のケルト語源で「部族」「人々」を意味するトゥーターに由来する(古アイルランドのトゥアスやウェールズのトゥードを比較）<ref name="Koch"/>。文字通りテウタテスの意味は、「部族の神」であるだろう<ref name="Cunliffe"/>。アイルランド神話にも似たようなフレーズがあり、''tongu do dia tongas mo thuath''という誓いの式が記されているが、これはおおよそ「私の部族が誓う神によって私は誓う」という意味である<ref name="Koch"/>。
''Toutatis'' (pronounced {{IPA-cel|towˈtaːtis|}} in [[Gaulish language|Gaulish]]) and its variants ''Toutates'', ''Teutates'', ''Tūtatus'' and ''Toutorīx'', comes from the Gaulish Celtic root ''toutā'', meaning 'tribe' or 'people' (compare [[Old Irish]] ''tuath'' and [[Welsh language|Welsh]] ''tud''). A literal meaning would thus be "god of the tribe". A similar phrase is found in [[Irish mythology]], which mentions the [[oath]] formula ''tongu do dia tongas mo thuath'', roughly "I swear by the god by whom my tribe swears".<ref name="Koch"/> [[Bernhard Maier]] proposes that his name derives from an older *''teuto-tatis'', with the meaning 'father of the tribe', although he notes that this etymology is uncertain.<ref name="Maier"/>
It is believed ''Toutatis'' was a title for the [[tutelary deity|tutelary gods]] of various tribes.<ref name="Koch"/> [[Miranda Aldhouse-Green]] suggests that ''Toutatis'' was an epithet or description for Celtic tribal protector-gods, rather than a name.<ref name="Aldhouse"/> Paul-Marie Duval suggests that each tribe had its own ''Toutatis''; he further considers the Gaulish Mars the product of syncretism with the Celtic ''Toutatis'', noting the great number of indigenous epithets under which Mars was worshipped.<ref name="Duval"/>
