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Inanna was associated with the planet Venus, which is named after her Roman equivalent [[Venus (mythology)|Venus]]. Several hymns praise Inanna in her role as the goddess or personification of the planet Venus. Theology professor Jeffrey Cooley has argued that, in many myths, Inanna's movements may correspond with the movements of the planet Venus in the sky. In ''Inanna's Descent to the Underworld'', unlike any other deity, Inanna is able to descend into the netherworld and return to the heavens. The planet Venus appears to make a similar descent, setting in the West and then rising again in the East. An introductory hymn describes Inanna leaving the heavens and heading for ''Kur'', what could be presumed to be the mountains, replicating the rising and setting of Inanna to the West. In ''Inanna and Shukaletuda'', Shukaletuda is described as scanning the heavens in search of Inanna, possibly searching the eastern and western horizons. In the same myth, while searching for her attacker, Inanna herself makes several movements that correspond with the movements of Venus in the sky.{{sfn|Cooley|2008|pages=161–172}}
<gallery mode="packed" heights="180px">
File:Ishtar Eshnunna Louvre AO12456.jpg|Babylonian terracotta relief of Ishtar from [[Eshnunna]] (early second millennium BCE)
File:Deesse au vase (Mari).jpg|Life-sized statue of a goddess, probably Ishtar, holding a vase from [[Mari, Syria]] (eighteenth century BC)
File:Winged goddess-AO6501-IMG 0638-black.jpg|Terracotta relief of Ishtar with wings from [[Larsa]] (second millennium BCE)
File:Ishtar - stele of Shamsh-res-usur, governor of Mari and Suhi.jpg|Stele showing Ishtar holding a bow from [[Ennigaldi-Nanna's museum]] (eighth century BCE)
File:IshtarDamascusMuseum.jpg|[[Hellenistic art|Hellenized]] bas-relief sculpture of Ishtar standing with her servant from [[Palmyra]] (third century CE)
</gallery>
→金星の女神として
=== 金星の女神として ===
イナンナは金星と関連しており、金星の名前はローマ時代のヴィーナスに由来している<ref>Black, Green, 1992, pages108–109,</ref><ref>Nemet-Nejat, 1998, page203</ref><ref>Black, Green, 1992, pages108–109</ref>。いくつかの讃美歌は、イナンナを惑星ヴィーナスの女神または擬人化として讃えている<ref>Cooley, 2008, pages161–172</ref>。神学教授のジェフリー・クーリーは、多くの神話において、イナンナの動きは天空の金星の動きと対応しているのではないかと論じている<ref>Cooley, 2008, pages161–172</ref>。イナンナの冥界への降臨は、他の神々とは異なり、冥界に降臨して天に戻ることができる。金星も同じように、西に沈み、東に昇るように見える<ref>Cooley, 2008, pages161–172</ref>。冒頭の賛美歌では、イナンナが天界を離れ、山々と推定されるクルに向かう様子が描かれており、イナンナが西に昇り、沈む様子が再現されている<ref>Cooley, 2008, pages161–172</ref>。『イナンナとシュカレトゥダ』では、シュカレトゥダがイナンナを探して天を駆け巡る様子が描かれている。これは、おそらく東と西の地平を探っているのだろう<ref>Cooley, 2008, pages163–164</ref>。同じ神話の中で、イナンナは自分を襲った相手を探しながら、天空の金星の動きと呼応するような動きを何度もしている<ref>Cooley, 2008, pages161–172</ref>。
Because the movements of Venus appear to be discontinuous (it disappears due to its proximity to the sun, for many days at a time, and then reappears on the other horizon), some cultures did not recognize Venus as a single entity;{{sfn|Cooley|2008|pages=161–172}} instead, they assumed it to be two separate stars on each horizon: the morning and evening star.{{sfn|Cooley|2008|pages=161–172}} Nonetheless, a [[cylinder seal]] from the [[Jemdet Nasr period]] indicates that the ancient Sumerians knew that the morning and evening stars were the same celestial object.{{sfn|Cooley|2008|pages=161–172}} The discontinuous movements of Venus relate to both mythology as well as Inanna's dual nature.{{sfn|Cooley|2008|pages=161–172}}
Inanna in her aspect as Anunītu was associated with the eastern fish of the last of the zodiacal constellations, [[Pisces (constellation)|Pisces]].{{sfn|Foxvog|1993|page=106}}{{sfn|Black|Green|1992|pages=34–35}} Her consort Dumuzi was associated with the contiguous first constellation, [[Aries (constellation)|Aries]].{{sfn|Foxvog|1993|page=106}}
==Character==
