「アストヒク」の版間の差分
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彼女の名前を短くするとアルメニア語でաստղ（astġ）となり「星」を意味し、インド・ヨーロッパ祖語の*h₂stḗrを介してサンスクリット語のSTRやアヴェスター語や英語のスター、ラテン語とイタリア語のアストロ・ステラ等の同根語である。 | 彼女の名前を短くするとアルメニア語でաստղ（astġ）となり「星」を意味し、インド・ヨーロッパ祖語の*h₂stḗrを介してサンスクリット語のSTRやアヴェスター語や英語のスター、ラテン語とイタリア語のアストロ・ステラ等の同根語である。 | ||
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| + | In the earliest prehistoric period '''Astłik'''{{sfn|Petrosyan|2015|p=100}} ({{lang-hy|[[wikt:Աստղիկ|Աստղիկ]]}}) had been worshipped as the [[Armenia]]n [[deity]] of fertility and love, later the skylight had been considered her personification, and she had been the consort of [[Vahagn]]. In the later heathen period she became the [[goddess]] of [[love]], maidenly [[beauty]], and water sources and springs.<ref>Lurker, Manfred. ''The Routledge Dictionary Of Gods Goddesses Devils And Demons''. Routledge. 2004. pp. 22-23. {{ISBN|978-04-15340-18-2}}</ref> | ||
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| + | The ''[[Vardavar]]'' festival devoted to Astłik that had once been celebrated in mid July was transformed into the Christian holiday of the [[Transfiguration of Jesus]], and is still celebrated by the Armenians. As in pre-Christian times, on the day of this fest the people release doves and sprinkle water on each other with wishes of health and good luck. | ||
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| + | One tradition holds her as [[Noah]]'s daughter, born after the [[Genesis flood narrative|great flood]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.armeniaculture-am.armin.am/en/Encyclopedia_astghik|title = Astghik | armeniaculture.am}}</ref> | ||
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| + | ==Mythology== | ||
| + | Astłik was originally the goddess creator of heaven and earth, and was later demoted to the position of "maiden". This change in the pantheon occurred as [[Aramazd]] became creator{{efn|As with all sun cults rising to power, the [[Solar deity|sun god]] personification began to be worshiped.}} and [[Anahit]] became known as Great Lady and Mother Deity (the moon being worshipped as her personification). They form a trinity in the pantheon of Armenian deities. In the period of [[Hellenistic]] influence, Astłik became similar to the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] [[Aphrodite]] and the [[ancient Mesopotamian religion|Mesopotamian]] [[Ishtar]]. | ||
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| + | ==Etymology== | ||
| + | Her name is the diminutive of Armenian {{lang|hy|[[wikt:աստղ|աստղ]]}} ''{{transliteration|hy|ISO|astł}}'',{{sfn|Ačaṙean|1971|p=278}} meaning ''"''[[star]]''"''. The word stems from [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European root]] [[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂stḗr|*h₂stḗr]] and is [[cognate|cognates]] with Sanskrit {{transliteration|sa|stṛ́}}, Avestan ''star'', Pahlavi ''star'', Persian {{transliteration|fa|setār}}, {{lang-grc|[[wikt:ἀστήρ|astḗr]]}}, etc. All star goddesses were originally called night goddesses, including the morning and evening star (Venus). | ||
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| + | ==Cultic locales== | ||
| + | Her principal seat was in [[Ashtishat]] (Taron), located to the North from [[Muş]], where her chamber was dedicated to the name of [[Vahagn]] and known as "Vahagn's bedroom". Vahagn was the personification of a sun-god, her lover or husband according to popular tales. | ||
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| + | Other temples and places of worship of Astłik had been located in various towns and villages, such as the mountain of [[Palaty]] (to the South-West from [[Lake Van]]), in [[Artamet]] (12 km from Van),<ref>p. 107, "The Pantheon of Armenian Pagan Deities", Gagik Artsruni, Yerevan, 2003</ref> etc. | ||
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| + | The unique monuments of prehistoric Armenia, [[vishap]] ("dragon stones"){{efn|[[Armenian language|Armenian]] višap 'serpent, dragon', derived from [[Persian language|Persian]].}} spread in many provinces of historical Armenia (i.e., Gegharkunik, Aragatsotn, Javakhk, Tayk, etc.), and are additional manifestations of her worship. | ||
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| + | ==See also == | ||
| + | * [[Anahit]] | ||
| + | * [[Aramazd]] | ||
| + | * [[Hayk]] | ||
| + | * [[Ishtar]] | ||
| + | * [[Vahagn]] | ||
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| + | == Bibliography == | ||
| + | *{{cite book|title=Հայերեն Արմատական Բառարան [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words]|url=https://archive.org/embed/Hrarm1|first=Hračʿya|last=Ačaṙean|author-link1=Hrachia Acharian|publisher=Yerevan University Press|year=1971|edition=2}} | ||
| + | *{{cite book|title=The Indo‑european and Ancient Near Eastern Sources of the Armenian Epic|url=https://www.academia.edu/3656244|first=Armen|last=Petrosyan|place=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Institute for the Study of Man|year=2002|isbn=9780941694810}} | ||
| + | *{{cite journal|first=Armen|last=Petrosyan|year= 2007|title=State Pantheon of Greater Armenia: Earliest Sources|journal=Aramazd: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies|volume= 2|pages=174–201|issn=1829-1376}} | ||
| + | *{{cite book|title=Problems of Armenian Prehistory. Myth, Language, History|url=https://archive.org/embed/2015PetrosyanProblemsOfArmenianPrehistory|first=Armen|last=Petrosyan|place=Yerevan|publisher=Gitutyun|year=2015|isbn=9785808012011}} | ||
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| + | {{Authority control}} | ||
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== 水の祭り（Vardavar） == | == 水の祭り（Vardavar） == | ||
2023年1月6日 (金) 01:12時点における版
アストヒク（アルメニア語：Աստղիկ、Astghik[1] ）は、アルメニアで先史時代初期にアストヒク、一般にはアシャ、またはアストヒク、アストリクと呼ばれる異教の神として崇拝されていた愛と豊穣の神である。後に天上の光（星）の化身、戦神ヴァハグンの妻・恋人とされた。伝説によると、ノアの娘とされている。
異教期後期に、愛と美貌と水源と湖の神となった。全ての神の父アラマズド（太陽の擬人化）、地母神アナヒット（月の擬人化）と三位一体としてパンデオンで奉られた。ヘレニズムから影響をうけた期間では、ギリシア神話のアプロディーテーやメソポタミア神話のイシュタルと同一視された。
彼女の名前を短くするとアルメニア語でաստղ（astġ）となり「星」を意味し、インド・ヨーロッパ祖語の*h₂stḗrを介してサンスクリット語のSTRやアヴェスター語や英語のスター、ラテン語とイタリア語のアストロ・ステラ等の同根語である。
In the earliest prehistoric period Astłikテンプレート:Sfn (テンプレート:Lang-hy) had been worshipped as the Armenian deity of fertility and love, later the skylight had been considered her personification, and she had been the consort of Vahagn. In the later heathen period she became the goddess of love, maidenly beauty, and water sources and springs.[2]
The Vardavar festival devoted to Astłik that had once been celebrated in mid July was transformed into the Christian holiday of the Transfiguration of Jesus, and is still celebrated by the Armenians. As in pre-Christian times, on the day of this fest the people release doves and sprinkle water on each other with wishes of health and good luck.
One tradition holds her as Noah's daughter, born after the great flood.[3]
目次
Mythology
Astłik was originally the goddess creator of heaven and earth, and was later demoted to the position of "maiden". This change in the pantheon occurred as Aramazd became creatorテンプレート:Efn and Anahit became known as Great Lady and Mother Deity (the moon being worshipped as her personification). They form a trinity in the pantheon of Armenian deities. In the period of Hellenistic influence, Astłik became similar to the Greek Aphrodite and the Mesopotamian Ishtar.
Etymology
Her name is the diminutive of Armenian テンプレート:Lang テンプレート:Transliteration,テンプレート:Sfn meaning "star". The word stems from Proto-Indo-European root *h₂stḗr and is cognates with Sanskrit テンプレート:Transliteration, Avestan star, Pahlavi star, Persian テンプレート:Transliteration, テンプレート:Lang-grc, etc. All star goddesses were originally called night goddesses, including the morning and evening star (Venus).
Cultic locales
Her principal seat was in Ashtishat (Taron), located to the North from Muş, where her chamber was dedicated to the name of Vahagn and known as "Vahagn's bedroom". Vahagn was the personification of a sun-god, her lover or husband according to popular tales.
Other temples and places of worship of Astłik had been located in various towns and villages, such as the mountain of Palaty (to the South-West from Lake Van), in Artamet (12 km from Van),[4] etc.
The unique monuments of prehistoric Armenia, vishap ("dragon stones")テンプレート:Efn spread in many provinces of historical Armenia (i.e., Gegharkunik, Aragatsotn, Javakhk, Tayk, etc.), and are additional manifestations of her worship.
See also
Bibliography
水の祭り（Vardavar）
もともとは7月中旬にアストヒクの祭りとして行われていたが、現在もイースターの14日前、主イエスの変容の祝日として執り行われている。この日はキリスト教布教以前のように、バラが飾られ、鳩を放ち、誰彼構わず健康と幸運を願い水を掛け合う。
慣習の由来
バラが飾られる理由は、ヴァハグンにバラを送った祝い、戦いで怪我をしたヴァハグンのために、花が咲き乱れる道を裸足で駆けつけ、その際の怪我から流れる血でバラが赤くなったためなど諸説ある。鳩を放ち、水を掛ける理由は、ノアの大洪水を生き残った幸運を祝うため、大洪水を忘れないため、水が穢れの浄化と癒しを与えるためなどの理由が伝えられている。
祀る神についての混乱
アストヒクの祭りとされているが[5]、キリスト教の祝日となった現在ではアナヒットの祭り、もしくはどちらの神の祭りか不明とされるなど混乱がみられる[6][7][8]。
参考文献
- Wikipedia：アストヒク（最終閲覧日：23-01-06）
参照
- ↑ Armenian Mythology from the Tour Armenia site, http://www.tacentral.com/mythology.asp?story_no=2, 2014.7.12
- ↑ Lurker, Manfred. The Routledge Dictionary Of Gods Goddesses Devils And Demons. Routledge. 2004. pp. 22-23. ISBN 978-04-15340-18-2
- ↑ Astghik | armeniaculture.am.{{{date}}} - via {{{via}}}.
- ↑ p. 107, "The Pantheon of Armenian Pagan Deities", Gagik Artsruni, Yerevan, 2003
- ↑ welcomearmenia
- ↑ DTACアルメニア観光情報局 水の祭り
- ↑ アルメニアの祭りVartavar , https://web.archive.org/web/20140714171230/http://asyaararat.com/Vartavar.htm, 2014年7月14日
- ↑ http://www.reporter.am/go/article/2010-07-12-vardavar-armenia-s-annual-water-fights-come-at-perfect-time, アーカイブされたコピー , 2014年7月14日, https://web.archive.org/web/20140715095313/http://www.reporter.am/go/article/2010-07-12-vardavar-armenia-s-annual-water-fights-come-at-perfect-time, 2014年7月15日, deadlinkdate:2018年3月
