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| − | '''ディヴ'''（Persian: Dīv: دیو）とは、中東の伝承の中の怪物である<ref>Friedl, E. (2020). Religion and Daily Life in the Mountains of Iran: Theology, Saints, People. Vereinigtes Königreich: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 85</ref>。ディヴの多くはペルシャ神話に由来し、イスラム教と融合して、アルメニア、トルコ<ref>Karakurt, Deniz, 2011, Türk Söylence Sözlüğü, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/TurkSoylenceSozlugu.pdf , Turkish Mythological Dictionary, page= 90, isbn=9786055618032 (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)</ref>、アルバニアなどの周辺文化に広がった<ref>Elsie, Robert, 2007, Albanian Tales , https://books.google.com/books?id=w9KEk9wQPjkC&pg=PA24 , Haase, Donald , The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales , volume=1: ''A–F'' , =Westport, Conn., Greenwood Publishing Group, page=24 , isbn=9780313049477 , oclc=1063874626</ref>。イスラム教の正典には明記されていないが、他の超自然的な生き物と同じように、多くのイスラム教徒にその存在が受け入れられていた<ref>Tobias Nünlist Dämonenglaube im Islam Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2015 ISBN 978-3-110-33168-4 p. 34 (German)</ref>。ディヴの体格は人間のようだが巨大で、頭には２本の角があり、歯はイノシシの牙のようである、と言われている。強力で残忍、冷徹な彼らは、人肉の味を特に好む<ref>Seyed Reza Ebrahimi1 and Elnaz Valaei Bakhshayesh ''Manifestation of Evil in Persian Mythology from the Perspective of the Zoroastrian Religion'' p. 7</ref> | + | '''ディヴ'''（Persian: Dīv: دیو）とは、中東の伝承の中の怪物である<ref>Friedl, E. (2020). Religion and Daily Life in the Mountains of Iran: Theology, Saints, People. Vereinigtes Königreich: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 85</ref>。ディヴの多くはペルシャ神話に由来し、イスラム教と融合して、アルメニア、トルコ<ref>Karakurt, Deniz, 2011, Türk Söylence Sözlüğü, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/TurkSoylenceSozlugu.pdf , Turkish Mythological Dictionary, page= 90, isbn=9786055618032 (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)</ref>、アルバニアなどの周辺文化に広がった<ref>Elsie, Robert, 2007, Albanian Tales , https://books.google.com/books?id=w9KEk9wQPjkC&pg=PA24 , Haase, Donald , The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales , volume=1: ''A–F'' , =Westport, Conn., Greenwood Publishing Group, page=24 , isbn=9780313049477 , oclc=1063874626</ref>。イスラム教の正典には明記されていないが、他の超自然的な生き物と同じように、多くのイスラム教徒にその存在が受け入れられていた<ref>Tobias Nünlist Dämonenglaube im Islam Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2015 ISBN 978-3-110-33168-4 p. 34 (German)</ref>。ディヴの体格は人間のようだが巨大で、頭には２本の角があり、歯はイノシシの牙のようである、と言われている。強力で残忍、冷徹な彼らは、人肉の味を特に好む<ref>Seyed Reza Ebrahimi1 and Elnaz Valaei Bakhshayesh ''Manifestation of Evil in Persian Mythology from the Perspective of the Zoroastrian Religion'' p. 7</ref>。ある者は石のような原始的な武器しか使わないが、より洗練されていて、鎧を身につけ、金属製の武器を使う戦士のような装備をしている者もいる。 |
| − | + | Despite their uncouth appearance - and in addition to their great physical strength - many are also masters of [[Magic (supernatural)|sorcery]], capable of overcoming their enemies by magic and afflicting them with [[nightmare]]s.<ref name="Encyclopædia Iranica">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=DĪV |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/div |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Iranica]] |date=28 November 2011 |orig-year=15 December 1995 |volume=VII, Fasc. 4 |pages=428–431 |access-date=25 February 2020}}</ref> | |
Their origin is disputed, although it may lie in the [[Vedas|Vedic]] deities ([[Deva (disambiguation)#Religion|deva]]s) who were later demonized in Persian religion (see ''[[daeva]]''). In [[Ferdowsi]]'s tenth-century ''[[Shahnameh]]'', they are already the evil entities endowed with roughly human shape and supernatural powers familiar from later folklore, in which the ''divs'' are described as ugly demons with supernatural strength and power, who, nonetheless, may sometimes be subdued and forced to do the bidding of a sorcerer. | Their origin is disputed, although it may lie in the [[Vedas|Vedic]] deities ([[Deva (disambiguation)#Religion|deva]]s) who were later demonized in Persian religion (see ''[[daeva]]''). In [[Ferdowsi]]'s tenth-century ''[[Shahnameh]]'', they are already the evil entities endowed with roughly human shape and supernatural powers familiar from later folklore, in which the ''divs'' are described as ugly demons with supernatural strength and power, who, nonetheless, may sometimes be subdued and forced to do the bidding of a sorcerer. | ||
2022年3月9日 (水) 12:43時点における版
ディヴ（Persian: Dīv: دیو）とは、中東の伝承の中の怪物である[1]。ディヴの多くはペルシャ神話に由来し、イスラム教と融合して、アルメニア、トルコ[2]、アルバニアなどの周辺文化に広がった[3]。イスラム教の正典には明記されていないが、他の超自然的な生き物と同じように、多くのイスラム教徒にその存在が受け入れられていた[4]。ディヴの体格は人間のようだが巨大で、頭には２本の角があり、歯はイノシシの牙のようである、と言われている。強力で残忍、冷徹な彼らは、人肉の味を特に好む[5]。ある者は石のような原始的な武器しか使わないが、より洗練されていて、鎧を身につけ、金属製の武器を使う戦士のような装備をしている者もいる。
Despite their uncouth appearance - and in addition to their great physical strength - many are also masters of sorcery, capable of overcoming their enemies by magic and afflicting them with nightmares.[6]
Their origin is disputed, although it may lie in the Vedic deities (devas) who were later demonized in Persian religion (see daeva). In Ferdowsi's tenth-century Shahnameh, they are already the evil entities endowed with roughly human shape and supernatural powers familiar from later folklore, in which the divs are described as ugly demons with supernatural strength and power, who, nonetheless, may sometimes be subdued and forced to do the bidding of a sorcerer.
参照
- ↑ Friedl, E. (2020). Religion and Daily Life in the Mountains of Iran: Theology, Saints, People. Vereinigtes Königreich: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 85
- ↑ Karakurt, Deniz, 2011, Türk Söylence Sözlüğü, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/TurkSoylenceSozlugu.pdf , Turkish Mythological Dictionary, page= 90, isbn=9786055618032 (OTRS: CC BY-SA 3.0)
- ↑ Elsie, Robert, 2007, Albanian Tales , https://books.google.com/books?id=w9KEk9wQPjkC&pg=PA24 , Haase, Donald , The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Folktales and Fairy Tales , volume=1: A–F , =Westport, Conn., Greenwood Publishing Group, page=24 , isbn=9780313049477 , oclc=1063874626
- ↑ Tobias Nünlist Dämonenglaube im Islam Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, 2015 ISBN 978-3-110-33168-4 p. 34 (German)
- ↑ Seyed Reza Ebrahimi1 and Elnaz Valaei Bakhshayesh Manifestation of Evil in Persian Mythology from the Perspective of the Zoroastrian Religion p. 7
- ↑ テンプレート:Cite encyclopedia
