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The Greeks gave to him the name {{lang|grc|ἀγυιεύς}} ''[[agyieus]]'' as the protector god of public places and houses who wards off evil and his symbol was a tapered stone or column. However, while usually Greek festivals were celebrated at the [[full moon]], all the feasts of Apollo were celebrated at the seventh day of the month, and the emphasis given to that day (''sibutu'') indicates a [[Babylonia]]n origin.<ref>Martin Nilsson (1967). Vol I, p. 561.</ref>
→アナトリアでの起源
ホメロスは、トロイア戦争でアカイア人と戦うトロイア人の側にいるアポローンを描いている。アポローンは他の神々に比べ、ギリシア人の信頼が薄い恐ろしい神として描かれている。小アジアのウィルサ（トロイ）の守護神であった[[アパリウナス]]と関係がありそうだが、語句が完全ではない<ref>Paul Kretschmer (1936). Glotta XXIV p. 250. Martin Nilsson (1967). Vol I, p. 559.</ref>。ホメロスのトロイの門の前にあった石は、アポローンのシンボルであった。西アナトリア起源は、現存するリディア語のテキストにあるArtimus（Artemis）とQλdãns（その名前はヒッタイト語やドーリア語と同義かもしれない）の並列崇拝への言及によっても補強されるかもしれない<ref>https://www.ediana.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/corpus.php, EDIANA - Corpus, www.ediana.gwi.uni-muenchen.de, 2018-03-08</ref>。しかし、最近の学者たちは、Qλdãnsとアポローンの同一視に疑問を投げかけている<ref>http://sardisexpedition.org/en/essays/latw-greenewalt-gods-of-lydia, The Archaeological Exploration of Sardis, sardisexpedition.org, 2018-03-08</ref>。
ギリシアでは、魔除けとして公共の場や家屋を守る神としてἀγυιεύς agyieusと呼ばれ、そのシンボルは先細りの石や円柱であった<ref>Martin Nilsson, ''Die Geschichte der Griechische Religion.'' vol. I (C. H. Beck), 1955:563f.</ref>。しかし、通常ギリシャの祭りは満月に祝われるが、アポロンの祭りはすべて月の7日に祝われ、その日（シブツ）が強調されていることから、バビロニア起源であることがわかる<ref>Martin Nilsson (1967). Vol I, p. 561.</ref>。
The [[Late Bronze Age]] (from 1700 to 1200 BCE) [[Hittites|Hittite]] and [[Hurrian]] ''Aplu'' was a god of [[Plague (disease)|plague]], invoked during plague years. Here we have an [[apotrope|apotropaic]] situation, where a god originally bringing the plague was invoked to end it. Aplu, meaning ''the son of'', was a title given to the god [[Nergal]], who was linked to the Babylonian god of the sun [[Shamash]].<ref name="Grummond">de Grummond, Nancy Thomson (2006) ''Etruscan Myth, Sacred History, and Legend''. (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology); Mackenzie, Donald A. (2005) ''Myths of Babylonia and Assyria'' (Gutenberg)</ref> Homer interprets Apollo as a terrible god ({{lang|grc|δεινὸς θεός}}) who brings death and disease with his arrows, but who can also heal, possessing a magic art that separates him from the other Greek gods.<ref>Martin Nilsson (1967). Vol I. pp. 559–560.</ref> In ''[[Iliad]]'', his priest prays to ''Apollo Smintheus'',<ref>"You Apollo Smintheus, let my tears become your arrows against the Danaans, for revenge". [[Iliad]] 1.33 (A 33).</ref> the mouse god who retains an older agricultural function as the protector from field rats.<ref name=LSJsmintheus/><ref>An ancient aetiological myth connects ''sminthos'' with mouse and suggests Cretan origin. Apollo is the mouse-god (Strabo 13.1.48).</ref><ref>"Sminthia" in several areas of Greece. In [[Rhodes]] (Lindos) they belong to Apollo and Dionysos who have destroyed the rats that were swallowing the grapes". Martin Nilsson (1967). pp. 534–535.</ref> All these functions, including the function of the healer-god [[Paean (god)|Paean]], who seems to have Mycenean origin, are fused in the cult of Apollo.
