15,557
回編集
差分
ナビゲーションに移動
検索に移動
→起源的な神話
== シュメール語文献 ==
=== 起源的な神話 ===
「エンキと世界秩序の詩」（[http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section1/tr113.htm%201.1.3 ETCSL 1.1.3]）は、まずエンキ神とその宇宙組織の設立を描いている<ref>Kramer, 1963, pages172–174</ref>。詩の終盤、イナンナはエンキのもとにやってきて、自分以外の神々に領地と特別な力を与えてしまったと不満を漏らす<ref>Kramer, 1963, page174</ref>。イナンナは不当な扱いを受けたと宣言した<ref>Kramer, 1963, page182</ref>。
The poem of ''Enki and the World Order'' ([[Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature|ETCSL]] [http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section1/tr113.htm 1.1.3]) begins by describing the god [[Enki]] and his establishment of the cosmic organization of the universe. Towards the end of the poem, Inanna comes to Enki and complains that he has assigned a domain and special powers to all of the other gods except for her. She declares that she has been treated unfairly.{{sfn|Kramer|1963|page=182}} Enki responds by telling her that she already has a domain and that he does not need to assign her one.{{sfn|Kramer|1963|page=183}}
The myth of "Inanna and the ''Huluppu'' Tree", found in the preamble to the epic of ''[[Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Netherworld]]'' (ETCSL [http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section1/tr1814.htm 1.8.1.4]),{{sfn|Kramer|1961|page=30}} centers around a young Inanna, not yet stable in her power.{{sfn|Wolkstein|Kramer|1983|page=141}}{{sfn|Pryke|2017|pages=153–154}} It begins with a ''huluppu'' tree, which Kramer identifies as possibly a [[willow]],{{sfn|Kramer|1961|page=33}} growing on the banks of the river [[Euphrates]].{{sfn|Kramer|1961|page=33}}{{sfn|Fontenrose|1980|page=172}} Inanna moves the tree to her garden in [[Uruk]] with the intention to carve it into a throne once it is fully grown.{{sfn|Kramer|1961|page=33}}{{sfn|Fontenrose|1980|page=172}} The tree grows and matures, but the serpent "who knows no charm", the ''[[Anzû (mythology)|Anzû]]''-bird, and ''Lilitu'' (Ki-Sikil-Lil-La-Ke in Sumerian),<ref>{{cite web |title=CDLI Tablet P346140 |url=https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P346140 |website=cdli.ucla.edu}}</ref> seen by some as the Sumerian forerunner to the [[Lilith]] of Jewish folklore, all take up residence within the tree, causing Inanna to cry with sorrow.{{sfn|Kramer|1961|page=33}}{{sfn|Fontenrose|1980|page=172}} The hero [[Gilgamesh]], who, in this story, is portrayed as her brother, comes along and slays the serpent, causing the ''Anzû''-bird and Lilitu to flee.{{sfn|Kramer|1961|pages=33–34}}{{sfn|Fontenrose|1980|page=172}} Gilgamesh's companions chop down the tree and carve its wood into a bed and a throne, which they give to Inanna,{{sfn|Wolkstein|Kramer|1983|page=140}}{{sfn|Fontenrose|1980|page=172}} who fashions a ''pikku'' and a ''mikku'' (probably a drum and drumsticks respectively, although the exact identifications are uncertain),{{sfn|Kramer|1961|page=34}} which she gives to Gilgamesh as a reward for his heroism.{{sfn|Wolkstein|Kramer|1983|page=9}}{{sfn|Fontenrose|1980|page=172}}
