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<blockquote>イアムベーとバウボーは、エレウーシス神話で感情の緊張をほぐすために猥歌を歌った。イアムベー、デーメーテール、バウボーは、乙女、ニンフ、老婆というおなじみの三つ組みで擬人化されている。ギリシア神話に登場する老女は、ほとんどが女神の代わりの老婆である<ref>''Ibid''., p. 96.</ref>。</blockquote> | <blockquote>イアムベーとバウボーは、エレウーシス神話で感情の緊張をほぐすために猥歌を歌った。イアムベー、デーメーテール、バウボーは、乙女、ニンフ、老婆というおなじみの三つ組みで擬人化されている。ギリシア神話に登場する老女は、ほとんどが女神の代わりの老婆である<ref>''Ibid''., p. 96.</ref>。</blockquote> | ||
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− | + | The following excerpt is taken from [[Clement of Alexandria]]'s ''Exhortation to the Greeks,'' from a 1919 English translation: | |
− | + | {{quotation|Baubo, having received Demeter as a guest, offers her a draught of wine and meal. She declines to take it, being unwilling to drink on account of her mourning. Baubo is deeply hurt, thinking she has been slighted, and thereupon uncovers her secret parts and exhibits them to the goddess. Demeter is pleased at the sight, and now at least receives the draught, — delighted by the spectacle! These are the secret mysteries of the Athenians! These are also the subjects of Orpheus’ poems. I will quote you the very lines of [[Orpheus]], in order that you may have the originator of the mysteries as witness of their shamelessness: | |
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− | + | “This said, she drew aside her robes, and showed a sight of shame; child Iacchus was there, and laughing, plunged his hand below her breasts. Then smiled the goddess, in her heart she smiled, and drank the draught from out the glancing cup.”<ref>[[Clement of Alexandria]]. Translated by Butterworth, G. W. (1919), [[Loeb Classical Library]], volume 92. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Harvard University Press.</ref>}} | |
− | + | ==Baubo figurines== | |
+ | Figurines known as Baubos are found in a number of settings, usually with Greek connections. They were mass-produced in a number of styles, but the basic figure always exposes the [[vulva]] in some way: | ||
− | + | * A plump woman with her legs held apart, gesturing to her exposed vulva. | |
− | * | + | * A naked splay-legged figure holding a harp on the back of a boar. |
− | * | + | * A naked headless torso with the face in the body and the vulva in the chin of the face. |
+ | * A seated figure with an exaggerated vulva filling the space between the legs. | ||
+ | * A naked squatting figure with her hands on her genitalia | ||
− | + | The figurines usually had elaborate [[headdress]]es, and some hold cups or harps. Some figurines have a loop moulded into the head, which seems to indicate that they were suspended in some way (possibly as an amulet). | |
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− | == | + | ==See also== |
− | * | + | *[[Anasyrma]] |
− | ** | + | *[[Dilukai]] |
− | ** | + | *[[Headless men]] |
− | ** | + | *[[Lajja Gauri]] |
+ | *[[Nin-imma]] | ||
+ | *[[Sheela na Gig]] | ||
+ | *[[Vagina and vulva in art]] | ||
+ | *[[Venus figurines]] | ||
− | + | ==Bibliography== | |
− | ** Dr. Jørgen Andersen, ''The Witch on the Wall: Medieval Erotic Sculpture in the British Isles'', 1977. | + | *{{cite book|title=Women and Humor in Classical Greece|last=O' Higgins|first=Laurie|year=2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK; New York}} |
− | + | *{{cite book|title=The Metamorphosis of Baubo |last=Lubell |first=Winifred Milius |year=1994 |publisher=Vanderbilt University Press |location= Nashville, Tennessee}} | |
− | + | *{{cite journal |last=Murray |first=Margaret|date=1934|title=Female Fertility Figures |journal=Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute |volume=LXIV}} | |
+ | The following books are mostly about medieval sexual sculpture but have sections on Baubo: | ||
+ | * Dr. Jørgen Andersen, ''The Witch on the Wall: Medieval Erotic Sculpture in the British Isles'', 1977. | ||
+ | * Miriam Robbins Dexter and Victor H. Mair, ''Sacred Display: Divine and Magical Female Figures of Eurasia.'' Amherst, New York: Cambria Press, 2010. | ||
+ | * Anthony Weir and James Jerman, ''Images of Lust: Sexual Carvings on Medieval Churches'', 1986. | ||
− | == | + | ==External links== |
* [http://www.beyond-the-pale.org.uk/zxBauboBeset.htm Examples of Baubo figurines] | * [http://www.beyond-the-pale.org.uk/zxBauboBeset.htm Examples of Baubo figurines] | ||
* [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ClementExhortation1.html Baubo in Clement of Alexandria's Exhortation to the Greeks] The story of Baubo as related by [[Clement of Alexandria]]. | * [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ClementExhortation1.html Baubo in Clement of Alexandria's Exhortation to the Greeks] The story of Baubo as related by [[Clement of Alexandria]]. | ||
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[[Category:女性器]] | [[Category:女性器]] | ||
[[Category:類兎]] | [[Category:類兎]] | ||
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