「アルティオ」を編集中

'''Artio''' (''Dea Artio'' in the [[Gallo-Roman religion]]) is a [[Celts|Celtic]] [[bear worship|bear goddess]]. Evidence of her worship has notably been found at [[Bern]] in Switzerland. Her name is derived from the [[Gaulish language|Gaulish]] word for 'bear', ''artos''.<ref>Adrian Room, [https://books.google.com/books?id=M1JIPAN-eJ4C&dq= ''Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites''], McFarland, 2006, p. 57.</ref>

==Name==
[[File:HMB - Muri statuette group - Artio.jpg|thumb|The goddess Artio as depicted in the [[Muri statuette group]].|400x400px]]
The Gaulish [[theonym]] ''Artiō'' derives from the Celtic word for the 'bear', ''artos'' (cf. [[Old Irish]] ''art'', [[Middle Welsh]] ''arth'', [[Old Breton]] ''ard''), itself from [[Proto-Indo-European]] *''h₂ŕ̥tḱos'' ('bear'). A Celtic form reconstructed as *''Arto-rix'' ('Bear-King') could be the source for the name [[Arthur]], via a Latinized form *''Artori(u)s''. The [[Basque language|Basque]] ''hartz'' ('bear') is also presumed to be a Celtic loanword.{{sfn|Delamarre|2003|pp=55–56}}{{sfn|Matasović|2009|pp=42–43}}

==Attestations==
A bronze sculpture from the [[Muri statuette group]], found near [[Bern]] in Switzerland, shows a large bear facing a woman seated in a chair, with a small tree behind the bear. The woman seems to hold fruit in her lap, perhaps feeding the bear.<ref>Deyts p.&nbsp;48, Green pp.&nbsp;217–218</ref> The sculpture has a large rectangular bronze base, which bears the inscription "Deae Artioni / Licinia Sabinilla" ("To the Goddess Artio" or "Artionis", "from Licinia Sabinilla"). If the name is Gaulish but the syntax is Latin, a dative ''Artioni'' would give an i-stem nominative ''*Artionis'' or an n-stem nominative ''*Artio''. That would perhaps correspond to a Gaulish n-stem nominative ''*Artiu''.

Other inscriptions to the goddess have been discovered in [[Daun, Germany|Daun]] (CIL 13, 4203), [[Weilerbach]] (CIL 13, 4113), [[Heddernheim]] (CIL 13, 7375 [4, p 125]), and [[Stockstadt (disambiguation)|Stockstadt]] (CIL 13, 11789).<ref>''[[Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum|CIL]]'' XIII</ref>

== Popular culture ==
Artio is a playable character in the video game ''[[Smite (video game)|Smite]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Artio: The Bear Goddess|url=https://www.smitegame.com/gods/artio|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-01|website=www.smitegame.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805030015/http://www.smitegame.com:80/gods/artio/ |archive-date=2017-08-05 }}</ref> She comes from the [[Celtic deities|Celtic pantheon]] and is a melee, magical guardian. She can freely transform between her human representation (druid stance) and her bear form (bear stance), both of which come with their own sets of abilities. Her kit mainly focuses on healing herself and her allies and locking down enemies in her druid stance and then outputting large amounts of damage with her bear stance.

==References==
{{reflist}}
;Bibliography
{{refbegin}}
* ''[[Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum]] (CIL) vol XIII, Inscriptiones trium Galliarum et Germaniarum''
* {{Cite book|last=Delamarre|first=Xavier|title=Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental|year=2003|publisher=Errance|isbn=9782877723695|author-link=Xavier Delamarre}}
* Deyts, Simone (1992) ''Images des Dieux de la Gaule''. Paris: Editions Errance. {{ISBN|2-87772-067-5}}.
* Green, Miranda (1992) ''Animals in Celtic Life and Myth''. London: Routledge. {{ISBN|0-415-18588-2}}
* {{Cite book|last=Matasović|first=Ranko|title=Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic|year=2009|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004173361|author-link=Ranko Matasović}}
* Wightman, E. M. (1970) ''Roman Trier and the Treveri'' London: Hart-Davis.  {{ISBN|0-246-63980-6}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{wiktionary-inline|Artio}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Artio}}

{{Celtic mythology (ancient)}}

[[Category:ガリア神話]]
[[Category:ケルト神話]]
[[Category:熊]]