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古バビロニア時代には、前述のウルク、ザバラム、アガデのほか、イリプが主な信仰の中心地であった<ref>Asher-Greve, Westenholz, 2013, p79</ref>。また、彼女の信仰はウルクからキシュに伝わった<ref>Asher-Greve, Westenholz, 2013, p21</ref>。
後世、ウルクでの信仰が盛んになる一方で<ref>Black, Green, 1992, page99</ref>、上メソポタミア王国のアッシリア（現在のイラク北部、シリア北東部、トルコ南東部）、特にニネヴェ、アシュスール、アルベラ（現在のエルビル）でイシュタルの信仰が盛んになった<ref>Guirand, 1968, page58</ref>。
During later times, while her cult in Uruk continued to flourish,{{sfn|Black|Green|1992|page=99}} Ishtar also became particularly worshipped in the [[Upper Mesopotamia]]n kingdom of [[Assyria]] (modern northern [[Iraq]], northeast [[Syria]] and southeast [[Turkey]]), especially in the cities of [[Nineveh]], [[Assur|Aššur]] and [[Erbil|Arbela]] (modern Erbil).{{sfn|Guirand|1968|page=58}} During the reign of the Assyrian king [[Assurbanipal]], Ishtar rose to become the most important and widely venerated deity in the Assyrian pantheon, surpassing even the Assyrian national god [[Ashur (god)|Ashur]].{{sfn|Black|Green|1992|page=99}} Votive objects found in her primary Assyrian temple indicate that she was a popular deity among women.{{sfn|Asher-Greve|Westenholz|2013|p=20}}
Individuals who went against the traditional [[gender binary]] were heavily involved in the cult of Inanna.{{sfn|Leick|2013|pages=157–158}} During Sumerian times, a set of priests known as ''[[gala (priests)|gala]]'' worked in Inanna's temples, where they performed elegies and lamentations.{{sfn|Leick|2013|page=285}} Men who became ''gala'' sometimes adopted female names and their songs were composed in the Sumerian ''[[Sumerian language#Dialects|eme-sal]]'' dialect, which, in literary texts, is normally reserved for the speech of female characters. Some Sumerian proverbs seem to suggest that ''gala'' had a reputation for engaging in [[anal sex]] with men.{{sfn|Roscoe|Murray|1997|page=65}} During the Akkadian Period, ''kurgarrū'' and ''assinnu'' were servants of Ishtar who [[cross-dressing|dressed in female clothing]] and performed war dances in Ishtar's temples.{{sfn|Roscoe|Murray|1997|pages=65–66}} Several Akkadian [[proverb]]s seem to suggest that they may have also had homosexual proclivities.{{sfn|Roscoe|Murray|1997|pages=65–66}} Gwendolyn Leick, an anthropologist known for her writings on Mesopotamia, has compared these individuals to the contemporary Indian ''[[Hijra (South Asia)|hijra]]''.{{sfn|Leick|2013|pages=158–163}} In one Akkadian hymn, Ishtar is described as transforming men into women.{{sfn|Roscoe|Murray|1997|page=66}}{{Sfn|Brandão|2019|p=63}}
