差分

ケルト人が人間の姿をした神々を描くようになったのは、ローマ帝国のガリア征服以後のことだという説があるが、ケルヌンノス型の神像はその例外である<ref>Webster, "Creolizing the Roman Provinces," p. 221.</ref>。ケルトの「角のある神」は、図像ではよく知られているが、ローマ民俗誌のケルト宗教の記述では確認できず、ローマ時代のパンテオンに翻訳するには特徴が強すぎたためか、いかなる解釈も与えられていないようである<ref>Jane Webster, "Creolizing the Roman Provinces," ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 105 (2001), p. 222; distinctiveness of Cernunnos also in William Van Andringa, "Religions and the Integration of Cities in the Empire in the Second Century AD: The Creation of a Common Religious Language," in ''A Companion to Roman Religion'' (Blackwell, 2007), pp. 87–88.</ref>。ケルヌンノスは決してローマに同化されなかったが、学者たちは彼をマーキュリー、アクタイオン<ref>David M. Robinson and Elizabeth Pierce Belgen, "Archaeological Notes and Discussions," ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 41 (1937), p. 132.</ref>、ユーピテルの特殊な形態、ディス・パテル（後者はユリウス・カエサルがガリア人の祖先と見なすと述べた）などギリシャ・ローマの神格と機能的に比較することがあった<ref>Phyllis Fray Bober, "Cernunnos: Origin and Transformation of a Celtic Divinity," ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 55 (1951), p. 15ff.</ref>。

   Divine representations of the Cernunnos type are exceptions to the often-expressed view that the Celts only began to picture their gods in human form after the [[Gallic Wars|Roman conquest of Gaul]].The Celtic "horned god", while well attested in iconography, cannot be identified in description of Celtic religion in [[Roman ethnography]] and does not appear to have been given any ''[[interpretatio romana]]'', perhaps due to being too distinctive to be translatable into the Roman pantheon.While Cernunnos was never assimilated, scholars have sometimes compared him functionally to Greek and Roman divine figures such as [[Mercury (god)|Mercury]],<ref>David M. Robinson and Elizabeth Pierce Belgen, "Archaeological Notes and Discussions," ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 41 (1937), p. 132.</ref> [[Actaeon]], specialized forms of [[Jupiter (mythology)|Jupiter]], and [[Dis Pater]], the latter of whom [[Julius Caesar]] said was considered the ancestor of the Gauls.<ref>Phyllis Fray Bober, "Cernunnos: Origin and Transformation of a Celtic Divinity," ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 55 (1951), p. 15ff.</ref> ==Possible reflexes in Insular Celtic島のケルトの投影の可能性 ==