差分

エススが登場する彫刻は、エススが名指しで描かれたパリの「船乗りの柱」<ref name="nautae"/>と、同様の図像を持つトレヴェリの「トリア」の柱の二つである<ref>Proinsias Mac Cana, Celtic Mythology, Hamlyn Publishing , London, 1970, pages32–35 [http://www.chronarchy.com/esus/aboutesus.html Cited here] (retrieved 2016-08-17).</ref><ref name="miranda">Miranda Green, Symbol & Image in Celtic Religious Art, 1992, Routledge , London , pages103–104</ref>。いずれも、エススは斧で木の枝を切っている姿が描かれている<ref name="miranda"/>。エススは、「船乗りの柱」の別のパネルで、タルボス・トリガラヌス（「三羽の鶴を持つ雄牛」）、ユピテル、ヴァルカン、その他の神々と一緒に描かれている。

A well-known section in [[Lucan]]'s ''[[Pharsalia|Bellum civile]]'' (61–65 CE) refers to gory sacrifices offered to a triad of Celtic deities: [[Teutates]], Hesus (an [[Aspiration (phonetics)|aspirated]] form of Esus), and [[Taranis]].<ref name="phars">[[Lucan|M. Annaeus Lucanus]] (61-65 CE). ''[[Pharsalia|Bellum civile]]'' I.445.</ref> Variant spellings, or readings, of the name Esus in the manuscripts of Lucan include Hesus, Aesus, and Haesus.<ref name="petrone"/> Among a pair of later [[scholia|commentators]] on Lucan's work, one identifies [[Teutates]] with [[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]] and Esus with [[Mars (mythology)|Mars]]. According to the [[Commenta Bernensia|Berne Commentary]] on Lucan, [[Human sacrifice|human victims]] were [[sacrifice]]d to Esus by being tied to a tree and flogged to death.<ref>Olmsted, Garrett S., The gods of the Celts and the Indo-Europeans, University of Innsbruck, 1994, p. 321.</ref>