第二マカベア書6:1, 2は、アンティオコス4世(エピファネス)がユダヤ教を撲滅するために、エルサレムの神殿を汚し、ゼウス(ユーピテル・オリンピウス)に再献堂するように指示したことについて述べている<ref>https://st-takla.org/pub_Deuterocanon/Deuterocanon-Apocrypha_El-Asfar_El-Kanoneya_El-Tanya__9-Second-of-Maccabees.html, The Second Book of the Maccabees < Deuterocanonical Books (Deuterocanon) | St-Takla.org|website=st-takla.org</ref>。
== Zeus in Gnostic literature グノーシス主義におけるゼウス ==
[[Pistis Sophia]], a [[Gnosticism|Gnostic]] text discovered in 1773 and possibly written between the 3rd and 4th centuries AD alludes to Zeus. He appears there as one of five grand rulers gathered together by a divine figure named Yew.<ref>{{cite book|author=George R. S. Mead|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bnEmDwAAQBAJ|title=Pistis Sophia|publisher=Jazzybee Verlag|year=1963|isbn=9783849687090|page=190|author-link=G. R. S. Mead}}</ref>