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→ゼウスと太陽
ゼウスはヘレニズムの太陽神ヘリオースと混同されることがあり、ヘリオースはゼウスの目として直接言及されるか<ref>Sick, David H. (2004), "Mit(h)ra(s) and the Myths of the Sun", Numen, 51 (4): 432–467, JSTOR:3270454</ref>、明らかにそのように暗示されることがある。例えばヘシオードスは、ゼウスの目を事実上太陽と表現している<ref>Ljuba Merlina Bortolani, Magical Hymns from Roman Egypt: A Study of Greek and Egyptian Traditions of Divinity, Cambridge University Press, 13 October 2016</ref>。この認識はおそらく、原インド・ヨーロッパ語族の宗教に由来するもので、その中で太陽は*Dyḗus Pḥatḗの目として想定されている（Hvare-khshaeta参照）<ref>West Martin Litchfield, Martin Litchfield West, Indo-European Poetry and Myth, 2007, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England, isbn:978-0-19-928075-9, http://library.globalchalet.net/Authors/Poetry%20Books%20Collection/Indo-European%20Poetry%20and%20Myth.pdf, 7 May 2017, pages194–196</ref><ref group="私注">おそらく、起源は良渚文化あたりにあるのではなかろうか、と思う。</ref>。エウリピデスは失われた悲劇『ミシガン人』の中でゼウスを「太陽の目」と表現し、ヘリオスは他の場所で「生命を与えるゼウスの輝かしい目」と言われている<ref>Cook, p. [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/196/mode/2up?view=theater 196]</ref>エウリピデスの別の悲劇『メデイア』では、コーラスがヘリオスのことを「ゼウスから生まれた光」と表現している<ref>Euripides, ''Medea'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0114%3Acard%3D1251 1258]; ''The Play of Texts and Fragments: Essays in Honour of Martin Cropp'' by J. Robert C. Cousland, James, 2009, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=hcW-i_nrpWEC&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA161 161]</ref>。
ヘリオースとゼウスの関係は、初期のギリシアの信仰や書物には根拠がないようだが、それでも後世には直接的に同一視される例が多くある<ref>Cook, pp [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/186/mode/2up?view=theater 186–187]</ref>。ヘレニズム時代には、ゼウスが神格化されたエジプト神話の神セラピスが誕生し、ギリシャ人が描いた太陽の冠と光線によって、その太陽的性質が示された<ref name=":co188">Cook, pp [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/188/mode/2up?view=theater 188–189]</ref>。
Although the connection of Helios to Zeus does not seem to have basis in early Greek cult and writings, nevertheless there are many examples of direct identification in later times. The Hellenistic period gave birth to [[Serapis]], a Greco-Egyptian deity conceived as a chthonic avatar of Zeus, whose solar nature is indicated by the sun crown and rays the Greeks depicted him with.<ref name=":co188">Cook, pp [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/188/mode/2up?view=theater 188–189]</ref> Frequent joint dedications to "Zeus-Serapis-Helios" have been found all over the Mediterranean,<ref name=":co188"/> for example, the Anastasy papyrus (now housed in the [[British Museum]] equates Helios to not just Zeus and [[Serapis]] but also [[Mithras]],<ref>Cook, p. [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/190/mode/2up?view=theater 190]</ref> and a series of inscriptions from [[Lajat|Trachonitis]] give evidence of the cult of "Zeus the Unconquered Sun".<ref>Cook, p. [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/192/mode/2up?view=theater 193]</ref> There is evidence of Zeus being worshipped as a solar god in the Aegean island of [[Amorgos]], based on a lacunose inscription ''{{lang|grc|Ζεὺς Ἥλ[ιο]ς}}'' ("Zeus the Sun"), meaning sun elements of Zeus' worship could be as early as the fifth century BC.<ref>Cook, p. [https://archive.org/details/zeusstudyinancie01cookuoft/page/194/mode/2up?view=theater 194]</ref>
The [[Crete|Cretan]] Zeus [[Talos|Tallaios]] had solar elements to his cult. "Talos" was the local equivalent of Helios.<ref>Karl Kerenyi, The Gods of the Greeks 1951:110.</ref>
